动物源有机肥对茶树根际土壤酸度及微生物的影响

以腐熟发酵过的猪粪、牛粪、羊粪为材料,采用外源添加处理的方法,探讨不同用量动物粪便对茶树根际土壤酸度、微生物生物量及区系影响,以期为研究茶树根际土壤改良提供依据。结果表明,不同动物粪便处理后,能有效调节茶树根际土壤的酸度;随着处理动物粪便用量的增加,茶树根际土壤的微生物生物量碳、微生物呼吸强度、微生物生物量氮及细菌、放线菌、氨化细菌、亚硝酸细菌、反硝化细菌、好气性自生固氮菌、纤维素分解菌的数量呈现先上升后下降的趋势,而真菌数量则相反;不同动物粪以猪粪用量1.5 kg/m2,牛粪、羊粪用量2.0 kg/m2时对土壤微生物环境的改善程度最佳;不同粪便处理对茶树根际酸度的调节作用及对土壤微生物数量影响最强时,以猪粪最高、羊粪次之、牛粪最低。上述结果表明动物粪便的使用能有效调节茶树根际土壤的酸化,改善土壤微生物生存环境,提高土壤微生物活性。

Effect of Animal Manure on Soil Acidity and Microbe of Tea Tree Rhizosphere

Taking the composted pig, cow, and sheep manure as materials, this study explored the effects of different animal manure dosages on rhizosphere soil acidity, microbial biomass and microbial population of tea tree by exogenous addition treatment, so as to provide basis for studying rhizosphere soil improvement of tea tree. The results showed that different animal manure treatment could effectively adjust the soil acidity; the microbial biomass C, microbial respiration, microbial biomass N, number of bacteria, actinomycetes, ammonifier, nitrite bacteria, denitrifier, aerobic azotobacter and cellulose decomposition bacteria firstly increased then descened with the increasing of animal manure usage. While, the number of fungi was on the contrary. The best soil microbial environment improving degrees was obtained when the dosage of pig manure was 1.5 kg/m2, cow and sheep manure were 2.0 kg/m2. The adjustment of different animal manure treatments to acidity of tea tree rhizosphere, and effect on the number of soil microbes were the strongest, and showed pig manure > sheep manure > and cow manure. In conclusion, the animal manure could adjust rhizosphere soil acidity of tea tree, could improve living environment of soil microbial, and increase the activity of soil microbe.