施肥水平和种植密度对河北山区夏播大豆产量及品质影响

山区特殊的气候条件决定了其与平原不同的大豆栽培技术。在河北省山区不同种植区内进行施肥和种植密度试验,研究其对夏大豆产量及构成和品质的影响。结果表明,同一种植区内,不同试验地点间的产量及构成成分、蛋白质含量、脂肪含量差异达到极显著水平。其中,中北部夏大豆种植区的环境与肥力间互作对植株高度、主茎节数和单株有效荚数均有极显著影响(P0.01),然而南部不同的种植密度对其产量及构成成分影响极显著(磁县、内丘、武安适宜的种植密度为225 000株/hm~2、225 000株/hm~2和285 000株/hm~2时产量最高)。不同施肥水平和种植密度对夏播大豆蛋白质含量和脂肪含量均有较大影响,种植密度与大豆蛋白质含量可能存在正相关。不同种植区配套栽培技术将对河北山区夏播大豆的产量提高和品质优化提供关键指导。

Effects of Fertilization Level and Planting Density on Yield and Quality of Summer-sowing Soya in Mountainous Areas of Hebei

Because of special climate condition, soybean cultivation technique in mountainous areas was different with that in plain. Through experiments on fertilizer level and planting density in different planting regions of Hebei mountainous areas, this paper studied their influences on soybean yield, yield components and quality of summer sowing soybean varieties. Results showed that there were extremely significant differences in soybean yield, yield components, protein and fat contents between different test sites. Among them the environment and fertility interaction at the north-central summer sowing soybean sites had extremely significant influences （P<0.01）on plant height, node number and valid pods per plant. While, different planting density in the south sites had significant influences on yield and yield components（When proper planting density in Cixian, Neiqiu and Wuan were 225 000 plants/hm2, 225 000 plants/hm2 and 285 000 plants/hm2, respectively, the yield would be the heighest.). Different fertilization level and planting density had bigger influences on protein and fat contents of summer sowing soybean. There was probably positive correlation between plant density and protein content. The complete set of cultivation technology gained from this study for different planting regions would provide crux guidance for yield improvement and quality optimization of summer sowing soybean in mountain areas of Hebei province.