江苏射阳地区红皮小麦品种不同播期筛选试验

在江苏射阳县新洋农场进行16个红皮小麦品种不同播期的筛选试验,对参试品种早晚2个播期下的生育期、农艺性状、抗性及产量进行汇总分析。结果表明:早播组全生育期变幅在221~225 d,晚播组全生育期变幅在213~217 d,扬麦23全生育期均最短,华麦6号全生育期最长。早播组产量变幅为591.67~739.67 kg/667 m₂,华麦6号最高,扬麦15最低;晚播组产量变幅为637.00~707.67 kg/667 m₂,扬麦23最高,扬麦27最低。未防治条件下,锈病早播组发病明显重于晚播组,早播情况下华麦7号、扬江麦580-1、宁麦13(CK)锈病发生极重,华麦6号锈病早、晚播发生均轻,锈病抗性突出。总之,早播组平均产量水平低于晚播组,产量变幅明显高于晚播组,品种间产量差异较大。扬麦23、华麦1430表现最为突出,在早播组、晚播组产量均居于最前列,赤霉病、锈病均发生较轻。

Selection of Red-skinned Wheat Varieties Suitable for Growing in Sheyang County,Jiangsu Province Under Early and Late Sowing Conditions

A field trial was conducted to select wheat cultivars suitable for growing in Sheyang County,Jiangsu Province under early and late sowing conditions.Sixteen red-skinned wheat cultivars were sown at an earlier(October 25,2019)or later date(November 5,2019)on Xinyang Farm,Sheyang County;their growth periods,agronomic traits,disease resistance,and yields under the two sowing dates were measured and analyzed.As a result,wheat whole growth period varied in the range of 221~225 days in the early sowing group and 213~217 days in the late one;the wheat cultivar Yangmai 23 had the shortest growth period,while the variety Huamai No.6 had the longest.In terms of yield,the early sowing group varied between 591.67 and 739.67 kg/667 m₂,with the varieties Huamai No.6 and Yangmai 15 having the highest and lowest yields,respectively;and the late sowing group varied between 637 and 707.67 kg/667 m₂,with the varieties Yangmai 23 and Yangmai 27 attaining the highest and lowest yields,respectively.Without any disease control measures taken,the incidence of rust was significantly higher in the early sowing group than in the late one.Under the early sowing condition,rus toccurred very severely on the varieties Huamai No.7,Yangjiang Mai 580-1,and Ningmai 13(the control);however,this disease occurred lightly on the variety Huamai No.6 in both early and late sowing groups,showing its significant resistance to rust.During the wheat growth season of 2019—2020,due to the weather being relatively warm in winter and relatively cold in spring,the early sowing group had a lower level of average yield and a significantly larger range of yield variations among varieties than the late one.The varieties Yangmai 23 and Huamai 1430 showed the best performance;their yields ranked first in both early and late sowing groups,and Gibberella and rust both occurred lightly on them.