燕麦种质资源遗传多样性ISSR研究

采用ISSR分子标记技术对来自中国、加拿大、美国和欧洲等国家的42个有代表性的饲用燕麦品种及6个裸燕麦品种进行遗传多样性分析。筛选出8个引物共扩增出多态性带144 条,多态性条带比率(PPB)为86.1%。由Nei’s指数(h)估测,应试皮燕麦、裸燕麦品种平均变异分别为0.203 6和0.201 5,平均Shannon’s信息指数估计值为0.325 9和0.305 8;48个燕麦品种间遗传相似系数为0.583 3~0.941 7,遗传距离的变化范围是 0.060 1~0.539 0。结果表明燕麦具有较丰富的遗传多样性,且皮燕麦的遗传多样性高于裸燕麦。根据ISSR数据进行了聚类分析和主成分分析,可将48 份燕麦材料分为五大类,来源相同的品种大致聚在一类,呈现出一定的地域性分布规律。皮燕麦与裸燕麦在遗传相似度0.66处被明显分为2类,与形态学及其他标记分类结果一致,由ISSR揭示的品种间遗传关系与品种实际来源基本一致。

A study on genetic diversity of Avena germplasm resources detected by ISSR

Genetic diversity of 42 Avena sativa varieties and 6 Avena nuda varieties from China,Canada,America,Europe and other countries was studied using inter-simple sequence repeat(ISSR) molecular markers.Eight primers detected 144 polymorphic bands,and the proportion of polymorphic fragment was 86.1%.Based on Nei’s index,the average variation coefficient of A.sativa and A.nuda were 0.203 6 and 0.201 5,and of the Shannon diversity index were 0.325 9 and 0.305 8,respectively.The similarity coefficient of all cultivars was 0.583 3-0.941 7,and genetic distance was 0.060 1-0.539 0 indicating a rich genetic diversity of Avena,with A.sativa varieties having a higher genetic diversity than that of A.nuda varieties.Based on cluster and principal component analyses of the ISSR fingerprinting data,the 48 varieties could be divided into 5 groups.In most cases,accessions from the same continent were classified into the same group.The geographical distribution of genetic diversity in A.sativa and A.nuda were divided into two groups at 0.66,which was in accordance with traditional morphologic and other molecular marker classifications.The genetic relationship revealed by ISSR was consistent with that from other sources.