基于ITS条形码技术分析北京云蒙山杜鹃花属遗传多样性

为从分子生物学角度综合评价国内外杜鹃花属物种系统发育关系，采用北京云蒙山地区4个迎红杜鹃亚属的迎红杜鹃和1个杜鹃亚属的照白杜鹃为供试材料进行ITS序列测定，并与从Genbank数据库中得到杜鹃花属17种不同种源的ITS序列，对22种杜鹃花亚属供试材料ITS序列在选用K2模型，采用邻接法(neighbor-joining method)和最大似然法(maximum likelihood method)构建系统进化树，分析杜鹃花亚属中各种源的系统位置，将供试杜鹃花亚属分为2大类5小类。22种供试材料均按照所属亚属被分到了不同分支，分类结果与传统的形态学分类结果较为一致。通过ITS序列比对发现，杜鹃花属的22份供试材料序列的一致性为95.29%，说明杜鹃花属ITS序列具有较高的保守性。同时，杜鹃花属的22份供试材料ITS序列均有不同程度的变异，共有80个有效变异位点，这些变异位点可以作为杜鹃花属种源的DNA指纹特异识别位点。为探讨北京云蒙山杜鹃花属种源的分类地位提供分子证据，对系统分析云蒙山杜鹃花属野生杜鹃群落的遗传多样性以及特异种质的保护、利用和开发具有重要意义。

Explored Genetic Diversity of Beijing Yunmeng Mountain Rhododendron Based on ITS Barcode Technology

We sequenced ITS of 4 R. mucronulatum of Rhodorastrum and 1 R. micranthum of Rhododendron where planted in YUN MENG mountain of BEIJING, respectively,and got 17 ITS different sequences of Rhododendron by Genebank.Using K2 model,we constructed a phylogenetic tree of 22 ITS sequences of Rhododendron by neighbor-joining method and Maximum likelihood method. We classified Rhododendron into 2 categories, and 5 small classes by analyzing system locations of every provenance of Rhododendron.22 plant materials were classified into different branches and the classification result was in line with traditional morphological classification result.We found that the consistency of the 22 plant material of Rhododendron was 95.29% by compared the ITS sequences, which illustrated that the conservatism of ITS sequences of Rhododendron is higher,but the 22 plant materials have different variation with each other,and there are 80 variation sites.The variation sites can be the fingerprint specificity recognition sites of provenance DNA of Rhododendron.What have we done maybe provide molecules proof for classifying the provenance of Rhododendron growing in YUN MENG mountain of BEIJING,and have an important role for analyzing genetic diversity and protecting,utilizing and developing of Wild rhododendron community of Rhododendron.