潍坊地区蒸发量的变化特征及其影响因子分析

为了研究潍坊地区蒸发量的变化对生态环境治理和水资源合理利用的影响，利用1961—2010 年潍坊市蒸发皿蒸发量以及其他气象要素的观测资料，采用线性倾向估计和相关系数法，分析了潍坊市蒸发量的气候变化及其影响因子。结果表明，近50 年潍坊年、季蒸发量呈明显下降趋势，四季中以春季下降最快，夏季次之，冬季最小。年蒸发量在1981 年发生突变，之后明显下降。通过分析发现，年蒸发量与日照时数、平均风速有显著的正相关，是导致蒸发量减少的主要原因。

The Variation Characteristics of Evaporation Capacity and Influencing Factors in Weifang

In order to study the effect of varying evaporation in Weifang on the ecological environment management and rational utilization of water resources, with the data of evaporating pan as well as other meteorological observations, the author analyzed the climatic feature of evaporation and influence factors from 1961 to 2010 in Weifang by methods of linear tendency estimation and correlation coefficient. The results indicated that: the annual and seasonal evaporation showed an obvious decreasing trend in recent 50 years in Weifang. Evaporation dropped most quickly in spring, next in summer, smallest in winter. The mutation of the evaporation capacity happened in 1981, and obviously decreased afterwards. The annual evaporation capacity in Weifang was positively correlated with sunshine hours and average wind speed, which were the major reasons of the evaporation reduction in Weifang.