低温处理对蝴蝶兰生长发育及叶绿素荧光参数的影响

为研究温度对蝴蝶兰营养生长和生殖生长的影响,以3个蝴蝶兰品种为试验材料,采用叶绿素荧光测量方法和统计学方法,对不同温度处理下蝴蝶兰叶片生长情况和花梗抽梗情况进行研究。研究表明：（1）蝴蝶兰花芽分化需要经历春化作用,26/18℃（日/夜）处理处理可使3个品种在1个月内启动花芽分化,而29/21℃（日/夜）处理的对照组均无抽梗。（2）同时,生殖生长抑制营养生长,3个品种的成熟叶片平均长度均小于对照组。（3）低温处理导致Fv/Fm降低,Fo增高,叶绿素荧光参数能敏感地反映低温引起植株光合机构变化的情况,可间接地作为快速鉴定蝴蝶兰花芽分化的指标。

Effects of Low Temperature on Vegetative Growth,Reproductive Growth and Chlorophy II Fluorescence Parameter in Phalaenopsis Orchids

To study the influence of temperature on the vegetative growth and reproductive growth of moth orchid （Phalaenopsis amabilis） cultivars, 3 cultivars were tested, by setting different temperature treatments to measure the growth and chlorophylI fluorescence parameter changes in leaf and percent flower stalks bored. The study indicated that： （1） The floral differentiation of moth orchid needed the vernalization and the flower bud initiation of the three cuhivars started within one month if the temperature was 26/18℃ （day/night）. Control group with 29/21℃ （day/ night） treatment did not shoot the flower stalk. （2） Moreover, the reproductive growth inhibited the vegetative growth, and the average length of ripe leaves of the 3 cultivars was all less than the control group. （3） The low temperature treatment could lead to the decreasing of levels of Fv/Fm, and the increasing of levels of Fo. Chlorophy II fluorescence parameters could reflect sensitively the changes of photosynthetic apparatus caused by low temperature. Fv/Fm and Fo could be the indicators testing the flower differentiation rapidly.