黄土高原地区长城沿线及以北风沙区交通能源开发中的沙漠化问题及其对策

研究区地处黄士高原北部,面积计有16万多平方公里。本文分析了该区自然环境及社会环境的特点,历史上人类开发本区资源所诱导成的一系列环境退化问题,特别是广泛而严重的沙漠化问题。指出了在这样一个不稳定的半干旱草原地理系统中,现状沙漠化及其它环境退化问题对开发本区地下能源及交通建设中的影响。探讨了目前及将来交通能源开发中所要造成的以沙漠化为特色的一系列环境退化问题。最后,提出了交通能源开发中沙漠化防治之对策。

Sandy Desertiflcation and Countermeasure in Exploiting Communication and Energy Resources

Study area is located in north of Loess Plateau, it covers an area of161, 000Km~2. The characteristics of natural environment is as follows: (1)There are various geomorphic types. Modern geomorphic process with two ph-ases of water and wind and great area of sand desert covering an area of66,069.5Km~2. (2) There are various loose deposits with plentiful sandymaterials. (3) Annual precipitation with great variability being 26%. Windis strong with high frequency, sand devil and dust bowl are frequent and soon. (4) There are various types of sandy desertification land, its area is over80% of study area and its spreading rate is 20～30% in twenty years. Pre-sent desertification harm characteristis is seasonal, directional and regional. Exploiting communication and energy resources must speed up the spread-ing of sandy desertified land. In addition, this paper mainly discusses thestrategic measure of controlling sandy desertification in exploiting communic-ation and energy resources in the study area.