苦马豆素对SD大鼠血液生化指标的影响

为探讨SD大鼠苦马豆素亚急性中毒模型的复制时间及苦马豆素对大鼠血液生化指标的影响,进一步揭示苦马豆素毒性作用机理及其中毒早期诊断和防治提供试验模型,64只SD大鼠随机分为4组,即对照组、试验Ⅰ组、试验Ⅱ组、试验Ⅲ组。将甘肃棘豆全草粉碎后,按Ⅰ组添加15%（含苦马豆素0.03‰）、Ⅱ组添加30%（含苦马豆素0.06‰）、Ⅲ组添加45%（含苦马豆素0.09‰）的比例制作混合饲料,饲喂至典型临床症状出现为止。攻毒后14,35,56,77d每次每组随机采集4只SD大鼠血液,用半自动生化分析仪测定苦马豆素对BUN、CR、ALB、TP、GLU、TG、TC含量及AST、ALT活性的影响。结果显示,GLU、BUN、CR、ALB含量及AST活性呈持续性升高（P〈0.05或P〈0.01）;TG、TP含量分别在攻毒后35,56d降低后又升高（P〈0.05或P〈0.01）,TC含量和ALT活性无明显变化（P〉0.05）。结果表明,中毒剂量与国外报道基本一致,但中毒时间存在较大差异;不同浓度苦马豆素对SD大鼠血液生化指标有显著影响,且具有一定的时间效应和剂量效应关系,长期低剂量摄入苦马豆素可引起动物机体不同程度的肝、肾损伤。

Effects of swainsonine on biochemical indicators of blood in SD rat

Sixty-four SD rats were divided into 4 groups（the control group and experimental group Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ） to investigate the time of establishing the subacute poisoning model of swainsonine（SW） and the effects of SW on the biochemical indicators of blood.The dried plant of the Oxytropis kansuensis Bunge was comminuted,and different amounts of the grass powder（15%,30% and 45% the corresponding SW content was 0.03‰,0.06‰,0.09‰,respectively） were mixed with the feeds in the three experimental groups.The rats consumed the forages freely until typical symptoms were observed.Four rats were selected randomly from each group on the 14th,35th,56th and 77th day,respectively,the blood was collected and the contents of BUN,CR,ALB,TP,GLU,TG,TC as well as the activities of AST,ALT were detected through the semiautomatic biochemistry analyzer.The results demonstrated that the contents of GLU,BUN,CR,ALB and the activity of AST rose（P0.05 or P0.01） during the whole process,while that of TG and TP descended on the 35th and 56th day and rallied on the 77th day（P0.05 or P0.01）,and there was no obvious change in the values of TC and ALT（P0.05）.The results showed that the toxic dose of SW is almost consistent with the previous reports,while the poisoning time is much longer.SW has remarkable effects on the biochemical indicators of the blood in SD rats,further more a time-effect as well as a dose-effect relationship was observed.It is concluded that receiving a low-dose of SW for a long time causes damages in the liver and kidneys of rats.