玉米主要株型数量性状的基因效应分析

本研究以植株外部形态差异较大的4个玉米自交系为材料，分别组成两个F₁、F₂、B₁、B₂和相应的P₁、P₂6个世代，研究了7个株型性状的遗传表达特点。结果表明，加性效应是7个株型性状世代间遗传变异的主导因子，其遗传贡献率在50%以上，亦即加性效应决定了7个株型性状一半以上的遗传变异，显性效应和上位性效应对这些性状遗传变异的作用也很重要，但因性状及试材不同，非加性效应的重要程度有一定差异。在玉米株型育种中，对这些性状的选择应以亲本选配为主。

Analysis of Gene Effect for The Main Plant Type Quantitative Characters in Maize

This study used four maize inbreds that are significant different in plant morphological characters,combined two series P₁,P₂,F₁,F₂,B₁ and B₂,and researched the genetic identity of 7 plant type characters.The result indicated that additive effect was main factor of genetic variation for 7 plant type characters,it was above 50% for the percentage of additive effct to total genetic variation,i.e.additive effect determined the genetic variation above half for 7 plant type characters.It is very important for the action of dominance and epistatie effect to the genetic variation for these characters,because of difference in characters or experimental materials,it is some different for the importance of non-additive effect.We should mainly select parental pair in breeding for the plant type characters of maize.