普通小麦-长穗偃麦草杂种衍生后代SNTE0923形态学、细胞学和白粉病抗性鉴定

对长穗偃麦草(Thinopurum ponticum,2n=70)与普通小麦品种烟农15的杂种衍生后代SNTE0923进行形态学、细胞学和白粉病抗性鉴定,初步筛选出抗白粉病普通小麦-长穗偃麦草育种新材料,为抗白粉病基因遗传学研究和小麦抗白粉病品种改良提供新的种质资源。对杂种衍生后代材料SNTE0923进行考种,形态学观察,花粉母细胞减数分裂中期Ⅰ和根尖染色体有丝分裂中期观察并进行白粉病抗性鉴定,结果表明:杂种后代材料SNTE0923的株高介于亲本长穗偃麦草和普通小麦之间,穗较长,有芒,群体整齐度较好;体细胞染色体数目鉴定为2n=42,花粉母细胞减数分裂中期Ⅰ染色体配对情况表明,大部分单株染色体构型为21Ⅱ,极个别在后期Ⅰ发现一定数量的染色体桥和落后染色体;白粉病抗性鉴定表明SNTE0923对白粉病有较高的抗性。杂种衍生后代材料SNTE0923绝大部分单株在遗传上趋于稳定,并且高抗白粉病,通过选育,可以做为抗小麦白粉病育种新的种质资源。

Study on Morphological, Cytological and Powdery Mildew Resistance Identification of Wheat-Thinopurum ponticum Hybrid Derived Progeny SNTE0923

The morphology,cytology and powdery mildew resistance of Thinopurum ponticum(2n=70) and Yannong15 wheat hybrid derived progeny SNTE0923 were investigated.The Wheat-Thinopurum ponticum breeding new material of powdery mildew resistance was selected.The new germplasm resources were provided for powdery mildew resistance genetic study and variety improvement.Textual research,morphological observation,pollen mother cells meiosis mid-termⅠ,root mitotic mid-term chromosomes observation and powdery mildew resistance identification were made to hybrid derived progeny SNTE0923.The results showed that: the height of SNTE0923 was between Thinopurum ponticum and wheat,the grain was relatively long,there were awns,the group was good;the somatic chromosome number was identified as 2n=42,the chromosome pairing of pollen mother cells meiosisⅠindicated that the chromosome configuration of SNTE0923 was 21Ⅱ,in the laterⅠa certain number of chromosome bridge and lagging chromosome were found;SNTE0923 had higher resistance to powdery mildew. Most of hybrid derived progeny SNTE0923 had stable heredity and high resistance powdery mildew,so it was necessary to have further breeding and identification.