大豆分子育种研究进展

分子育种技术的研究和应用是近十余年来世界大豆生产发展的重要科技动力。2011年,国内外在大豆分子育种相关领域取得了新的进展。在分子标记开发与辅助育种方面,发掘出与产量、发育、品质、抗病和抗逆等性状相关的新的分子标记或QTL;在新基因挖掘方面,克隆了与光周期反应、共生固氮、品质及抗逆性相关的基因,并分析了其功能。在大豆转基因育种方面,遗传转化体系的优化取得了新的进展,转化效率有所提高,同时对一些功能基因(包括来自其它物种的一些基因)进行了功能评价和育种利用价值评估。转基因大豆继续保持良好的发展势头,并且出现一些新的发展方向。该文对这些研究进展进行了综述,并对今后的发展趋势进行了展望。

Recent Advances in Molecular Breeding of Soybean

In the last decade,the research and application of molecular breeding becomes an important scientific and technological engine of soybean production development in the world.In 2011,new progresses were achieved in soybean molecular breeding in China and abroad.In molecular marker mining and assisted selection,new molecular markers and QTLs were developed.In the field of new gene discovery,some novel genes involved in photoperiodism,symbiotic nitrogen fixation,quality,resistance,etc.,were cloned and their functions were analyzed.In transgenic breeding,the genetic transformation system was optimized with the transformation efficiency improved,and some functional genes including those from other species were evaluated for their functions and breeding values.Transgenic soybean still kept good growth and some new developmental trends were emerged.Therefore,we summarized these progresses and made some prospects on the future development.