高脂或低蛋白日粮中添加发酵桑叶对大口黑鲈生长、代谢与抗氧化能力的影响

为研究发酵桑叶对大口黑鲈(Micropterus salmoides)生长、代谢与抗氧化能力的影响,选用初始体重为11 g的大口黑鲈,随机分成3组,每组4个重复。分别饲喂基础饲料、含10%桑叶高脂饲料和含10%桑叶低蛋白饲料8周。试验结果表明:同基础饲料相比,饲料中添加发酵桑叶显著抑制低蛋白组大口黑鲈的生长,而不影响高脂组大口黑鲈的生长性能。基础饲料组大口黑鲈血清中谷丙转氨酶(ALT)活性以及甘油三酯(TG)、胆固醇(CHO)和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)含量显著高于低蛋白组,与高脂组无显著差异,同时,低蛋白组血清中HDL-C/CHO和HDL-C/LDL-C比值显著高于基础饲料组和高脂组。试验组大口黑鲈血糖含量显著低于基础饲料组(P0.05)。饲料中添加发酵桑叶显著提高大口黑鲈血清中超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性以及CAT/SOD比值。各组鱼体的水分、粗蛋白、粗脂肪和粗灰分含量无显著差异。由此可见,饲料中添加发酵桑叶会降低大口黑鲈血脂、血糖,增强其机体的抗氧化作用。

Effects of dietary fermented mulberry leaves on growth performance,metabolism and antioxidant ability of juvenile Micropterus salmoides

To study the effects of fermented mulberry leaves on growth, metabolism and antioxidant of juvenile Micropterus salmoides, fish with the average body weight of 11 g were used as experimental animal, and were randomly divided into 3 groups with 4 replicates per group. Fish in each group were fed a basal diet, the high lipid diet containing 10% fermented mulberry leaves and the low protein diet containing 10% fermented mulberry leaves, respectively. The experiment lasted for 8weeks. The results showed as follows: compared with the basal diet, the growth rate of M. salmoides treated with the high lipid diet containing 10% fermented mulberry leaves was not significantly change. However, the low protein diet con-taining 10% fermented mulberry leaves evidently decreased the growth. The serum glutamyl pyruvic transaminase ( ALT) activities, the contents of total cholesterol ( CHO) , triglyceride ( TG) and low density lipoprotein cholesterol ( LDL-C) in
control group were significantly higher than those in the low protein group, and those indices had no difference with the high lipid group. The ratios of HDL-C/CHO and HDL-C/LDL-C in the low protein group were significantly higher than the other groups. The 10% fermented mulberry leaves evidently decreased the blood glucose content, and increased the activi-ties of superoxide dismutase ( SOD) and catalase ( CAT) , and the ratios of CAT/SOD. There were no significant differ-ences in the contents of moisture, crude protein, crude lipid and crude ash in whole body. The results suggest that fer-mented mulberry leaves supplementation could improve the utilization of dietary lipid, effectively reduced blood glucose and the serum lipid level, and enhanced the antioxidant ability of fish.