拔节期追氮量对春播和秋播糯玉米粉糊化特性的影响

 【目的】明确拔节期追氮量对春播和秋播糯玉米粉糊化特性的影响。【方法】试验于扬州大学实验农牧场进行,以国家糯玉米区域试验对照品种(苏玉糯5号、垦粘1号和苏玉糯1号)为材料,研究拔节期追氮量(0、150和300 kg?hm-2)对春播和秋播糯玉米粉糊化特性的影响。【结果】拔节期追氮量、播期和品种单因子及其互作对糊化特征值存在显著影响。总体上,糯玉米粉糊化特征值在拔节期追氮150 kg?hm-2处理和秋播条件下较优,即具有较低的糊化温度、较短的峰值时间和较高的峰值黏度、崩解值、谷值黏度和终值黏度,且这些指标以苏玉糯5号表现较好。糯玉米粉糊化特征值之间存在一定的相关性,峰值黏度、谷值黏度、崩解值和终值黏度两两显著或极显著正相关,且这4项特征值与峰值时间和糊化温度负相关,峰值时间和糊化温度极显著正相关,回复值和终值黏度极显著正相关。【结论】综合考虑在不同播期下拔节期追氮量对糯玉米粉糊化特性的影响,秋播糯玉米粉在拔节期追氮150 kg?hm-2下糊化特性较优,即具有较高的峰值黏度和崩解值,较短的峰值时间和较低的糊化温度。

Effects of Nitrogen Top-Dressing at Jointing Stage on Pasting Properties of Spring and Autumn Sown Waxy Maize Flour

【Objective】 The aim of the study is to understand the effects of nitrogen top-dressing amount at jointing stage on flour pasting properties of spring and autumn sown waxy maize varieties. 【Method】 Research was carried out at the Experiment Farm of Yangzhou University in 2008. Three varieties (Suyunuo 5, Kennian 1 and Suyunuo 1, the controls of Chinese waxy maize in regional test) were used in the study. The effects of nitrogen top-dressing amount (0, 150 and 300 kg?hm-2) at jointing stage on flour pasting properties of spring and autumn sown waxy maize were clarified by Rapid Visco Analyzer (RVA). 【Result】 Waxy maize flour pasting properties were significantly affected by the single factor and interactions of nitrogen top-dressing amount at jointing stage, sown dates and varieties. In general, the flour present higher peak viscosity, breakdown, trough viscosity and final viscosity, shorter peak time and lower pasting temperature when nitrogen top-dressing amount was 150 kg?hm-2 and in autumn-sown treatment, and those RVA characteristics were better for Suyunuo 5. Significantly positive correlations were observed among peak viscosity, trough viscosity, breakdown and final viscosity, and those four parameters were negatively correlated to peak time and pasting temperature. In addition, peak time was observed positively correlated to pasting temperature, and setback was positively correlated to final viscosity. 【Conclusion】Considering the pasting properties in different treatments, the autumn sown waxy maize varieties and nitrogen top-dressing amount at jointing stage was suitable (150 kg?hm-2 in this experiment) and could got the flour with higher peak viscosity and breakdown, shorter peak time and lower pasting temperature.