沙穴种植对盐碱土壤水盐运移和番茄生长特性的影响

为了探讨在滴灌条件下沙土及复配生物炭对盐碱土水盐运移和番茄生长特性的影响规律。通过田间小区试验,设计对照组(CK)、沙穴(T1)和沙穴复配生物炭(T2)3个处理,分析在滴灌条件下沙穴对盐碱土壤水分、盐分分布及番茄生长特性等方面的影响。结果表明:不同处理土壤剖面水分、盐分分布极不均匀,在沙区内各处理平均含水率和EC值均表现为CK>T2>T1,土壤盐分主要向植株与植株之间的地表裸露区定向迁移,呈现出EC的高值区,且高值区位置不同。在滴灌带下方的剖面内,T1、T2处理在0-80 cm土壤内均脱盐,CK处理在0-40 cm土壤内积盐,在40-80 cm土层脱盐。T2处理下的根系体积是CK处理的3.00倍,且各处理表现为T2>T1>CK。T2处理下的产量最高,为57.37 t/hm^2,比CK处理增加80.78%,各处理产量表现为T2>T1>CK,且沙穴对番茄的品质有显著影响。综上所述,T2处理使得土壤入渗性能得到显著改善,抑制土壤返盐,改善土壤水盐状况,促进作物生长,为盐碱地的农业开发利用提供理论依据。

Impact of Sand Cave Planting on Water and Salt Transport and Tomato Growth Characteristics in Saline-alkali Soil

In order to investigate the effects of sandy soil and mixed biochar on water and salt transport and tomato growth characteristics in saline-alkali soil under drip irrigation, field plot experiment was carried out with three treatments, including control (CK), sand hole (T1), and sand hole mixed with biochar (T2), analyze the effects of sand holes on soil moisture, salinity distribution and tomato growth characteristics under drip irrigation. The results showed that the distribution of soil moisture and salinity in different treatments was extremely uneven. The average water content and EC value of each treatment in the sand area were CK > T2 > T1. Soil salinity mainly migrated to the bare area between plant and plant, showing a high value area of EC, and the location of the high value area was different. In the section below drip irrigation belt, T1 and T2 all desalinated in 0-80 cm soil, CK accumulated salt in 0-40 cm soil and desalinated in 40-80 cm soil. Root volume under T2 was 3.00 times larger than that under CK, and showed trend as T2 > T1 > CK. The highest yield was 57.37 t/hm² under T2, which was 80.78% higher than that of CK. The yield of each treatment shown as T2 > T1 > CK, and sand hole had a significant effect on tomato quality. In conclusion, T2 can significantly improve soil infiltration, inhibit soil salt return, improve soil water and salt status, and promote crop growth. This study provides theoretical basis for agricultural development and utilization of saline-alkali land.