菜籽油常压水解制备脂肪酸的研究

[目的]以菜籽油作为原料，在常压下水解制备脂肪酸。[方法]研究在常压下温度（95±5）℃水解菜籽油制备脂肪酸，讨论油水比、催化剂（浓硫酸）、乳化剂（十二烷基苯磺酸钠）用量和时间对菜籽油水解反应的影响。[结果]得出最佳反应条件为：乳化剂用量4％（W/W），催化剂量15％（W／W），油水比1：2，水解时间17h。在该条件下，水解产物的酸值达180．3mg／g。[结论]利用菜籽油在常压下进行水解反应，能制备出工业上常用的脂肪酸，而且转化率可达93．8％。

Preparation of Fatty Acid by Hydrolysis of Rapeseed Oil under Normal Pressure

[Objective] The research aimed to take the rapeseed oil as raw material for hydrolysis preparation of fatty acid atmospheric pressure.[Method] Fatty acid was produced by hydrolysis of rapeseed oil under normal pressure at the temperature of (95±5)℃.Effects of ratio of oil to water, amount of catalyst and emulsification and time on reaction were studied.[Result] The optimal parameter was as follows: amount of emulsification 4%(W/W), amount of catalyst 15%(W/W), weight ratio of oil to water 1∶ 2, hydrolysis time 17 h.Under the conditions, the acid value of hydrolyzed Jatropha curcas oil reached 180.3 mg/g.[Conclusion] The fatty acids which were commonly used in industry could be produced under atmospheric pressure by hydrolyzing the rapeseed oil.And the conversion rate could reach 93.8%.