宁南山区保护性耕作对农田水分状况影响的研究

为研究保护性耕作对宁南山区农田水分状况的影响,在宁夏彭阳县对三种不同保护性耕作措施下玉米农田休耕期及生长期土壤水分、作物生长发育指标进行了实验研究。结果表明:(1)在休耕期,整秸秆覆盖处理的土壤水分贮存量(236.80mm)最高,半秸秆覆盖(224.10mm)次之,传统无覆盖(208.45mm)最低;(2)在生长期,采用秸秆覆盖方式可使春玉米的株高、穗长、生物产量及经济产量等指标得到显著提高,土壤的蓄水保墒性能增强,水分利用效率提高,增产增效明显;与传统方式相比,整秸秆覆盖可使春玉米的产量及水分利用效率分别提高3.5%及16.5%。研究认为,保护性耕作可有效改善玉米田土壤水分状况,促进玉米的生长发育。

Effect of conservation tillage on soil moisture in the south mountainous area of Ningxia

In order to make clear the effect of conservation tillage on yield and water utilization of spring maize in the south mountainous area of Ningxia,a field experiment including three differents conservation tillage treatments were studied in Wangwa village,Pengyang County.The results showed:(1) In the term of maize’s fallow,soil water content of whole straw mulch was the highest(236.80mm) among the three treatments,the second one was half straw mulch(224.10mm),that of control was the lowest(208.45mm).(2) In the term of maize’s growth,the results showed that it could improve capability of soil holding water,water use efficiency and many parameters of maize growth with whole straw mulch.The whole straw mulch could increase water use efficiency and yield to 3.5% and 16.5% than control respectively.It is thus clear that,conservation tillage can effectively raise maize field soil water use efficiency and promote growth growth of maize.