渭干河-库车河三角洲绿洲表层土壤盐分空间异质性分析

以新疆塔里木盆地北缘典型盐渍化区-渭干河-库车河三角洲绿洲为例,基于野外实测数据,借助常规统计与地统计分析方法,对绿洲表层盐渍化土壤的空间分布特征进行定量研究。分析结果显示:该绿洲土壤盐类主要以氯化物为主,同时并伴有少量的硫酸盐-氯化物类;在空间变异性上,CO23-和HCO3-为中度变异性,土壤含盐量、Cl-、Ca2+、Mg2+、SO24-以及K++Na+均具有较强的空间变异性;盐渍化土壤主要分布于渭干河、库车河的下游,塔里木河的北部,绿洲的东部、南部和东南部区域,表层土壤中Cl-和K++Na+含量较高。在绿洲西部和西北部,Cl-、Ca2+和K++Na+分布的含量则相对较低。此外,HCO3-、SO24-和Mg2+的含量在绿洲中部分布较高;而CO23-的含量在绿洲北部有较高水平的分布;从绿洲整体分布情况来看,盐渍化土壤主要呈大面积区域性分布于绿洲的外围和扇缘地带。

Spatial heterogeneity of topsoil salinity in the delta oasis of Weigan and Kuqa rivers

Take a typical salinization area of northern margin of Tarim basin in Xinjiang-the delta oasis of Weigan and Kuqa rivers as an example,based on the open country measured data,with the aid of the conventional statistics and geo-statistics analysis method,we conducted the quantitative investigation to the topsoil salinity of oasis spatial distribution characteristics.The findings showed in this oasis soil salts are mainly the chloride,meanwhile are accompanied by the few sulfate-chlorination.CO2-3 and HCO-3 show the moderate spatial variability,the soil salt content,Cl-,Ca2+,Mg2+,SO2-4 as well as K+ + Na+ have the strong spatial variability.The soil salinization mainly distributes in the Weigan river,the downstream of Kuqa river,north of Tarim river,the eastern,southern,and southeastern oasis.Cl-and K+ + Na+ content are higher in the topsoil.Cl-,Ca2+ and the K+ + Na+ content is relatively low in the west and northeast of the oasis.In addition,HCO-3,SO2-4 and the Mg2+ content are higher in middle oasis.CO2-3 content is higher in northern oasis.For the whole distribution situation,the salinization soils mainly distribute in the delta oasis periphery and the margin region of the fan.