沼液灌溉对作物生长·土壤质量的影响

沼液作为有机固体废弃物厌氧发酵的残留物,富含能被作物快速吸收利用的N、P、K以及多种氨基酸、维生素、微量元素和其他有益的生物活性等物质。合理的沼液施灌不但可以有效促进农作物产量的增加、改善蔬菜品质,而且可以提高土壤pH、防止酸化、减少盐害、提高肥效。虽然沼液的长期施灌会不同程度地造成抗生素及部分重金属污染物的积累,但其危害程度也远远低于单一化肥的施用。然而,我国的沼液安全利用目前还处于初级阶段。社会还没形成对沼液的安全处理和安全施用的意识。建设适合于不同区域、不同土壤类型的沼液施灌制度及沼液质量监控体系势在必行。

Effect of Utilization of Biogas Slurry on Crop Growth and Soil Quality

As the residue from the anaerobic fermentation of organic solid wastes, biogas slurry have abundant N, P, K, amino acids, vita- min, mineral elements and other beneficial biology active matters. Application of solution of biogas slurry can not only effectively promote the yield of crop, change the qualities of vegetables, but also increase the soll pH to a certain degree, prevent soil acidification, reduce salt dam- age, improve fertilizer efficiency. Although, long-term applying fertilizer would cause the accumulation of antibiotics and heavy metal pollute, but comparing chemical fertilizer, it was harmless. Biogas slurry utilization in China was still in exploration phase at present; society has not a safety conscious on process and utilization of biogas slurry. So, constructing irrigation and biogas slurry monitoring system which is suitable for different regions and different soil types is imperative.