进境再生资源截获有害生物分析

作为对原生资源的一种替代,我国再生资源进口数量逐年增加,相关口岸从再生资源中截获到许多有害生物。本文分别从截获有害生物年度变化规律、生物类别、再生资源类型、来源地、直属局、检疫性有害生物等方面对全国口岸2006~2016年从进境再生资源中截获的各类疫情进行了统计分析。结果表明:全国进境再生资源中截获有害生物共2003种164 566种次84 035批次,检疫性有害生物69种(属)5 215种次4 540批次。有害生物年度变化规律显示,2006~2013年进境再生资源中截获有害生物种次趋于平稳,从2014年起,有害生物截获种次迅速增加。从截获有害生物类别来看,以昆虫、杂草截获种类最多,占截获总种类的85%,昆虫截获种次最多,占截获总种次的72.2%。从再生资源种类看,有害生物、检疫性有害生物的截获种类和种次均以废纸、废塑料、废有色金属截获最多。从来源地看,共有121个国家和地区截获到有害生物,其中美国、中国香港、英国、日本、澳大利亚位于前五位。24个直属局有截获记录,其中广东局、江苏局、深圳局、浙江局、福建局位于前五位。数据显示,红火蚁、四纹豆象、桔小实蝇、双钩异翅长蠹、非洲大蜗牛、假高粱位于检疫性有害生物截获种次前六位。针对疫情截获情况,提出了进境再生资源查验及检疫鉴定工作的合理化建议,以提高再生资源有害生物疫情检出率,有效保护国门生物安全。

Analysis on pests intercepted in imported renewable resources

The amount of renewable resources imported by China is increasing year by year as substitutes of native resources,and a large amount of pests are intercepted at different ports.This paper counts and analyzes various pests intercepted from imported renewable resources at ports from 2006 to 2016 in the aspects of the yearly change patterns of pests,species of pests,varieties of renewable resources,origins,the Inspection and Quarantine Bureau (CIQ) and quarantine pest.The results showed that a total of 2003 species,164566 intercepted numbers and 84035 batches of pests were intercepted,and 69 species,5 215 in tercepted numbers and 4 540 batches were quarantined.The yearly change patterns of pests showed that the numbers of pests intercepted in the imported renewable resources from 2006 to 2013 tended to become gradually stable,but there was a sharp increase from 2014.In terms of the species intercepted,the most were insects and weeds which added up to 85％;In terms of the intercepted numbers,the most were in sects,which account for 72.2％.Waste paper,waste plastics,waste non-ferrous metals were the most in species and intercepted numbers.A total of 121 countries and regions intercepted pests,amoung which the United States,Hongkong China,Britain,Japan,Australia ranked the top five.24 bureaus had intercepted records,amoung which the Guangdong Bureau,Jiangsu Bureau,Shenzhen Bureau,Zhejiang Bureau,Fujian Bureau ranked the top five.Data showed that Solenopsis invicta,Callosobruchus maculatus,Bactrocera dorsalis,Heterobostrychus aequalis,Achatina fulica,Sorghum halepense ranked the top six in intercepted quar antine pests.In view of the pests interception situation,the paper provides some reasonable suggestions for the inspection and quarantine of the imported renewable resources,in order to improve the detection rate of dangerous pests,and to protect the biosafety of our country effectively.