香稻品种遗传多样性研究

利用SSR分子标记分析78份外引香稻品种、18份在广西种植的香稻品种以及24份具有代表性的非香的广西地方栽培稻种质资源的遗传多样性,检测到100条多态性片段,每个引物可检测到3~14个多态性片段,平均为6.25个。聚类结果表明:利用16个SSR标记可以明显地把香稻与非香稻品种聚类为2大类;在78份外引香稻种质中,在遗传距离分别为0.64和0.56处,43份和14份各自聚为一类,占73.1%,18份与广西种植的香稻品种聚类,占23.1%,3份与非香的栽培稻品种聚为一类,占3.8%。不同类组香稻的Nei’s遗传距离估算表明,传统的南亚香稻的遗传多样性显著大于改良的南亚香稻,改良的南亚香稻的多样性又显著大于广西当前种植的香稻种质和广西代表性的非香稻种质。

Study on Genetic Diversity in Aromatic Rice

Genetic diversity of 78 accessions of aromatic rice varieties was analyzed and compared with 24 accessions of nonaromatic rice with SSR markers.Among the rice materials,78 aromatic rice were derived from abroad and 18 aromatic rice were planted in Guangxi province,while 24 non-aromatic rice were the representative samples of Guangxi native rice germplasm.A total of 100 polymorphic bands were present among the rice varieties and an average number of alleles per SSR locus was 6.25 with a range from 3 to 14. Results of analysis with 16 SSR markers showed aromatic and non-aromatic varieties were basically clustered into two groups.Among the 78 aromatic varieties derived from abroad,73.1% were clustered into group,23.1% clustered together with 14 Guangxi aromatic varieties,whereas only 3.8% clustered together with 24 Guangxi native non-aromatic varieties at a genetic distance 0.56.Analysis of Nei's genetic distance showed that genetic diversity in South Asia aromatic landrace was significantly larger than that in South Asia improved varieties,while that in those improved South Asia aromatic varieties was significant larger than that in the aromatic varieties being planted in Guangxi and non-aromatic Guangxi native germplasm.