滑鼠蛇出生至50日龄身体大小和免疫功能的变化

为探究滑鼠蛇（Ptyas mucosus）生后发育不同阶段身体大小和免疫功能的变化，在室温为（30±1）℃、相对湿度为70%~75%条件下，监测了3、10、20、30、40和50日龄滑鼠蛇身体大小及各型白细胞的百分比、嗜中性粒细胞与淋巴细胞的比值（N/L）和血清杀菌能力的变化。体重、体全长、重长比和尺度化的质量指数3至20日龄增长缓慢，之后陡增，50日龄最高（P<0.05）；淋巴细胞和嗜中性粒细胞的百分比居前两位，但两者的百分比、N/L的比值和血清杀菌能力均无组间差异（P>0.05）；嗜碱性粒细胞的百分比10日龄组与3日龄组接近，但高于其他日龄组（P<0.05）；50日龄内，滑鼠蛇的身体大小开口前增长缓慢，开口后增加迅速，蜕皮后嗜碱性粒细胞的百分比显著提升，建议可根据体重和嗜碱性粒细胞百分比的变化来预判蛇场内幼蛇的健康状态。

Variations of body size and immune functions in the oriental rat-snake (Ptyas mucocus) from birth to 50 days of postembryonal period

To explore the variations of body size and immune functions for different postembryonal periods in oriental rat-snakes (Ptyas mucosus), the body size, percentages of different subtypes of leukocyte, the ratio of neutrophils to lymphocytes (N/L), and serum bactericidal capacity in 3, 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50 days of postembtyonal period were measured at (30±1) ^oC room temperature and 70%-75% relative humidity. Body mass, body length, the ratio of body mass to body length and scaled mass index were slowly increased from 3 to 20 days of age, then increased rapidly, and reached the highest at 50 days old (P<0.05). Percentage of lymphocytes and neutrophils ranked the top two, but there was no difference for percentages of both leukocytes, the ratio of N/L, and serum bactericidal capacity (P>0.05); Percentage of basophils in the 10 day age group was close to that of 3 day age group, but significantly higher than the 20, 30, 40 and 50 day age groups (P<0.05). In the 50 days of age, the body size of the snake grew slowly before starter feeding, but increases rapidly after starter feeding. Percentage of basophils changed significantly after sloughing. It is suggested that the healthy status of postembryonic snakes can be evaluated by the variations of body mass and percentage of basophils in the snake farming.