气调处理对绿芦笋抗氧化及抗病酶活性的影响

为探讨气调处理对绿芦笋抗氧化和抗病性相关酶活性的影响,以空气为对照(CK),在15±1℃和相对湿度为90%~95%的贮藏条件下,研究5种不同比例气体成分CA1(5%CO_2+1.5%O_2)、CA2(7%CO_2+0%O_2)、CA3(7%CO_2+1.5%O_2)、CA4(7%CO_2+3.5%O_2)、CA5(9%CO_2+1.5%O_2)]对达宝利绿芦笋采后感官品质、菌落总数、相对电导率、丙二醛(MDA)含量、总酚含量、二苯基苦基苯肼(DPPH)清除率、羟自由基(·OH)清除率以及超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、过氧化物酶(POD)、多酚氧化酶(PPO)、苯丙氨酸解氨酶(PAL)活性的影响。结果表明,气调处理不同程度抑制了芦笋根部的腐烂,延缓了其菌落总数、相对电导率和MDA含量的上升,维持其较高的总酚含量、DPPH清除率、·OH清除率以及SOD、CAT、PPO活性,减缓了其POD活性上升,并保持了组织较低的PAL活性,所有气调处理中以CA3效果较好。此外,以绿芦笋根部开始出现腐烂为标准,CK、CA1、CA2、CA4、CA5和CA3的贮藏期分别为1、2、2、2、4和5 d。因此,CA3(7%CO_2+1.5%O_2)的气调处理可维持达宝利绿芦笋采后较好品质。本研究结果为绿芦笋的贮藏保鲜提供了理论依据及技术支持。

Effects of Controlled Atmosphere Treatment on the Activities of Antioxidant and Disease Resistance-related Enzymes in Green Asparagus

To study the effects of controlled atmosphere (CA) on the activities of antioxidant and disease resistance-related enzymes in Dabaoli green asparagus,the fresh products were treated with five different gas compositions CA1 (5％ CO2 +1.5％ O2),CA2 (7％ CO2 +0％ O2),CA3 (7％ CO2 +1.5％ O2),CA4 (7％ CO2 +3.5％ O2),CA5 (9％ CO2 + 1.5％ O2)],and stored at 15 ± 1 ℃ with 90％ ～ 95％ relative humidity.The sensory quality,total number of colonies,relative electrical conductivity,malondialdehyde (MDA) and total phenol contents,1,1-diphenyl -2-picryl-hydrazyl(DPPH) free radical and hydroxyl radical (· OH) free radical scavenging abilities,the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD),polyphenol oxidase (PPO),catalase (CAT),peroxidase (POD) and phenylalnineammonialyase (PAL) of postharvest Dabaoli green asparagus were investigated.The results showed that different CA treatments inhibited the root of green asparagus and delayed the increases of total number of colonies distinctly.In addition,the CA treatments delayed the increase of relative electrical conductivity and MDA content,maintained higher total phenol content,DPPH and · OH free radical scavenging abilities;Moreover,the activities of SOD,PPO and CAT were enhanced by the CA treatments,while the activities of POD and PAL were inhibited by these treatments.Among these CA treatments,the effects of CA3 treatment on the activities of antioxidant and disease resistance-related enzymes in green asparagus was the best.Moreover,according to the time of decay in root,the storage life of CK (0.03％ CO2 +21％ O2),CA1,CA2,CA4,CA5 and CA3 were 1,2,2,2,4 and 5 d,respectively.Therefore,the treatment of CA3 (7％ CO2 + 1.5％ O2) could maintain the postharvest quality of Dabaoli green asparagus,providing theoretical basis and technical support for storage of green asparagus.