A multi-objective programming approach to feed ration balancing and nutrient management |
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| Affiliation: | 1. State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Urban Ambient Air Particulate Matter Pollution Prevention and Control, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China;2. College of Software, Nankai University, No. 94 Weijin Road, Tianjin 300071, China;3. Tianjin Key Laboratory for Air Traffic Operation Planning and Safety Technology, Civil Aviation University of China, Tianjin 300300, China;1. Center for Bone and Arthritis Research at the Sahlgrenska Academy (CBAR), Institute of Medicine, University of Gothenburg, SE-413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden;2. Clinical and Molecular Osteoporosis Research Unit, Department of Orthopaedics and Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, SE-20502 Malmö, Sweden;3. Department of Medical Sciences, University of Uppsala, SE-751 05 Uppsala, Sweden;4. Wallenberg Laboratory for Cardiovascular Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, SE-413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden |
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| Abstract: | This paper examines the potential to use multiple objective programming to reduce nutrient excretion from dairy cows through incorporation of nutrient excretion functions into a ration formulation framework. In a typical ration formulation model, a ration is formulated to minimize cost while providing sufficient nutrients to meet the needs of the animal type being fed. To reduce the nutrient loading, rations can be formulated to minimize cost, and nitrogen and phosphorus excretion using multiple objective programming. Rations were initially formulated to minimize cost, nitrogen excretion and phosphorus excretion. Compromise programming was then utilized to examine the impacts on ration formulation of combining the three individual objectives. The multiple objective ration formulation reduced phosphorus excretion by 5% and marginally reduced nitrogen excretion with a small increase in ration cost compared to the single objective minimum cost ration. Multiple objective programming does have the potential to reduce nutrient excretion. |
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