我国草牧业发展理论及科技支撑重点

2015年中央1号文件明确提出"加快发展草牧业"。发展草牧业是我国农业结构调整的重要内容,农业现代化转型发展的重要组成部分,国家草畜产品质量安全和生态安全的重要保障。本文对草牧业的概念进行新的阐释,提出草牧业的概念是草业+草食畜牧业+相关延伸产业的"三合一"产业耦合关系,进一步从草业基础产业论、生态畜产品供需均衡理论、产业技术和产品质量升级刺激经济增长理论、产业融合和耦合理论、创新驱动发展理论等方面论述草牧业是融合多产业的新兴复合产业,其发展主要以生态经济学和发展经济学为理论支撑。同时针对我国草原区、半农半牧区及农区草牧业发展存在的不同瓶颈问题,提出了相关突破性关键技术和优化模式,阐明不同区域发展草牧业的科技支撑重点,为加快推进草牧业健康持续发展提供理论依据和科技支撑。

The development theory and key supporting science and technologies of grasslands and animal husbandry in China

“No.1 document” for 2015 of central government explicitly proposed “accelerating development of grasslands and animal husbandry”. The development of grasslands and animal husbandry is an important content of agricultural structure adjustment, is the important component of transformation and development of agricultural modernization, also is an important guarantee of quality and safety of grassland and livestock products and ecological security. The concept of grasslands and animal husbandry was innovative elucidated in this paper, and proposed that the concept of grasslands and animal husbandry is industry coupling relationship of “three in one” with grassland, herbivorous animal husbandry and extended industry, based on grasslands basic industries theory, ecological animal by products supply demand equilibrium theory, industrial technology and product quality upgrading to stimulate economic growth theory, industrial convergence and coupling theory, innovation driven development theory, further interpreted grasslands and animal husbandry is a new kind of composite industries with integrated multi industry, its development mainly on the theory of ecological economics and development economics. The developing of grasslands and animal husbandry in grassland areas, half agriculture half herding areas and farming and pastoral areas in China exist different bottleneck problems, the paper put forward the related breakthrough key technology and the optimization model, clarified key points on scientific and technological support of grasslands and animal husbandry at different regions, which will provide theoretical basis and technological support for accelerated the health sustainable development of grasslands and animal husbandry.