新疆野苹果营养及次生代谢物与苹果小吉丁虫抗性的关系

为了解新疆野苹果（Malus sieversii (Lebed.) Roem.）植株内营养及次生代谢物质含量对苹果小吉丁虫( Agrilus mali Mats.)危害的影响，以具有不同抗虫性的新疆野苹果类型单株为试验材料，利用相关性回归法找出营养及次生代谢物质与其抗性的关系。结果表明：不同抗性新疆野苹果单株营养物质含量存在显著差异，韧皮部内可溶性蛋白和可溶性糖含量均显著大于木质部，在4.02~21.72 mg/g之间。可溶性蛋白含量K2最低，为26.10 mg/g，G1最高，为45.74 mg/g，感虫植株可溶性蛋白含量普遍高于抗虫植株。不同抗性单株单宁、黄酮、总酚含量差异显著，其中木质部内黄酮含量较低，在0.31~0.89 mg/g之间，韧皮部黄酮含量在1.93~4.05 mg/g之间，抗虫植株平均单宁含量为1.24 mg/g，感虫植株平均单宁含量为0.69 mg/g，抗虫植株单宁含量显著高于感虫植株，即单宁含量越高，其抗虫性越好，感虫植株G6总酚含量最低，为1.43 mg/g，抗虫植株K2总酚最高，达到3.96 mg/g，木质部内单宁含量和总酚含量与苹果小吉丁虫抗性之间存在显著正相关，即新疆野苹果单株内单宁与总酚含量越高，总虫数就越少，对苹果小吉丁虫的抗性就越好，新疆野苹果受害就越轻。综上，新疆野苹果内营养物质含量与抗虫性呈极显著负相关，次生代谢物质含量与抗虫性成显著正相关，次生代谢物质含量高的新疆野苹果对苹果小吉丁虫危害在一定程度上具有减轻或抑制作用。

Links Between Nutrients,Secondary Metabolites of Xinjiang Wild Apple and Agrilus mali Mats Resistance

In order to study the impact of nutrients, secondary metabolites of Xinjiang Wild Apple (Malus sieversii (Lebed.)Roem) on the threat of Agrilus mali Mats., this study took individual wild apple trees with various degrees of pest resistance as experiment material to find the relationship between nutrients, secondary metabolites of the trees and resistance to Agrilus mali Matsumura by correlation regression analysis method. The results indicated that there was significant difference in nutrients within individual apple tree with various degrees of Agrilus mali Matsumura resistance. In all cases, total soluble protein and soluble sugar in phloem, falling into a range of 4.02~21.72 mg/g, were significantly higher than that of xylem. Among all nutrients, the level of soluble protein of K2 was the lowest at 26.10 mg/g, while G1 was the highest at 45.74 mg/g. Generally, infected plants were higher in soluble protein than pest-resistant ones. Significant difference was observed in tannin, flavones, and total phenols contents within individual plant, featuring a lower content of flavones in phloem ranged from 0.31 to 0.89 mg/g , and a higher one between 1.93 and 4.05 mg/g in xylem. The average tannin content was 1.24 mg/g in pest-infected plants and 0.69 mg/g in pest-resistant plants. This significant difference means that the degree of pest resistance increases as the tannin content increases. In infected plants, G6 total phenols was the lowest at 1.43 mg/g, while in resistant ones K2 total phenols was the highest at 3.96 mg/g. The tannin content and total phenols content in xylem were significantly and positively correlated to resistance to Agrilus mali Matsumura. Namely, higher tannin and total phenols content led to better Agrilus mali Matsumura resistance and less damage from the pest. Nutrients content in Xinjiang wild apple was significantly and negatively correlated to Agrilus mali Matsumura resistance, while secondary metabolites content was significantly and positively correlated to Agrilus mali Matsumura resistance. Wild apple trees suffered less harm from Agrilus mali Matsumura as secondary metabolites level increases, which had some reduction and inhibition effects on the pest.