基于GIS的贵州辣椒气候适宜性区划

辣椒是日常生活中的蔬菜、调味品、医药原料和化工原料，有健胃、助消化和降血糖等功能，研究辣椒的气候适宜性对辣椒种植的优质高产和生产合理布局有着重要的指导意义。基于贵州省84个气象站点的气候资料，选取7～8月的平均气温、日照时数和降水量等气候因子作为辣椒气候适宜种植的区划指标，构建各气候指标的空间分布模型，利用ArcGIS的空间分析方法，对贵州省辣椒种植的气候适宜性进行了区划。结果表明：贵州省最适宜种植辣椒的区域主要集中在遵义地区、铜仁地区和省的中部；适宜的种植区域主要分布在贵州省的中部和南部；次适宜种植辣椒的区域主要集中在贵州省的西部、西南部和东部的少部分地区；不适宜种植辣椒的区域主要集中在贵州省黔西南、黔南部的小部分地区。全省各地可根据区划的结果，充分利用当地的气候资源，调整产业结构合理规划布局，完善辣椒气候适宜性指标，为辣椒的生产种植提供科学的指导。

Climatic Adaptablity Division for Capsicum annuum in Guizhou Province Based on GIS

Pepper is a vegetable and condiment in daily life, and also raw material for medicinal and chemical industry. It has the function of invigorating stomach, helping digestion and lowering blood sugar. It is of important guiding significance to study the climatic suitability of Capsicum annuum for producing high quality and high yield pepper and rational distribution of its production. Based on the climate data of 84 meteorological stations in Guizhou province, this paper selected the average temperature, sunshine hours, precipitation and other climatic factors from July to August as Capsicum annuum planting suitable climate zone index, constructed space distribution model of each climate index regional planning on Guizhou province Capsicum annuum planting climatic suitability by ArcGIS spatial analysis. The results showed that the most suitable planting area for Capsicum annuum in Guizhou Province mainly concentrated in Zunyi Region, Tongren Region and the central part of Guizhou province. And the suitable areas were mainly distributed in central and southern parts of Guizhou province. The next suitable planting areas were mainly distributed in west, southwest and east parts of Guizhou Province. The unaptitude areas were mainly concentrated in southwest and southern parts of Guizhou province. According to the zoning results, various parts of Guizhou province could fully utilize the local climatic resources, reasonably adjust the industrial structure, improve the climate suitability index of capsicum annuum, and provide scientific guidance for chili planting and production.