卧龙国家级自然保护区羚牛种群结构研究

远程红外视频监控技术的引入,为深入了解羚牛种群的种群结构提供了新的手段。2017年7月至2019年6月,对卧龙国家级自然保护区的羚牛种群进行了连续监测。通过视频在线和回放的形式,以15 min为间隔的固定时间抽样法,在9968次有效观察中,记录羚牛45188只次。雌雄性比为1.64∶1,雌性成年与亚成体、幼体的构成比例为1:0.39∶0.48,表明牛群处于稳定增长状态。不同季节雌雄羚牛共同出现的比率关系,表明在繁殖季节成年雌雄个体间有大量的时间共同出现,非繁殖季节成年雌雄间处于相对分离状态。本文作者倾向于认为:在卧龙国家级自然保护区,羚牛是以雌性成年个体为主导地位的,有亲缘关系的亚成体和幼年个体构成的家群为基本单元,在繁殖季节由于繁殖配种的需要,多个家群聚集在一起,并与雄性个体会合形成30~50只个体的聚群。

Study on the Population Structure of Takins(Budorcas taxicolor)in Wolong National Nature Reserve

The introduction of remote infrared video monitoring technology provides a deeper understanding of the basic information of takin population in Wolong National Nature Reserve.From July 2017 to June 2019,the takin population in Wolong National Nature Reserve was continuously monitored.In the form of online video and playback,45188 takins were recorded in 9968 valid observations by sampling at regular intervals of 15 minutes.The ratio of male to female was 1.64∶1,and the ratio of female adult to subadult and young was 1∶0.39∶0.48,indicating that the takin population was in a stable growth state.The ratio of male and female takins appearing together in different seasons shows that there was a lot of time for male and female adults to appear together in the breeding season,while in the non-breeding season,they were relatively separated.The results indicated that in Wolong National Nature Reserve,the takin population was dominated by female adult individuals,and the basic unit was the family group composed of female adult individuals and related sub-adults and juvenile individuals.In the breeding season,due to the need of breeding and mating,many families gather together and form a group of 30-50 individuals with male individuals.