肌肉嫩度计的鉴定和应用研究

本文报道了作者研制的肌肉嫩度计。该仪器是根据Warner-Bratzler氏剪切仪原理改进而设计的。用两种匀质物——小蜡笔和马铃薯的剪切力值的变差来鉴定仪器的准确性,其变异系数分别为3.35和5.96％,加权平均为4.26％。这表明仪器的准确性是良好的。对哈白猪10种不同肌肉的嫩度测定表明:腰大肌是最嫩的肌肉,与前人对肉牛不同肌肉嫩度的测定结果一致。用1.0和3.0毫米厚度的剪切片所测得的10种肌肉嫩度的秩次相关系数为0.879(P<0.01),表明该仪器测值可以反映不同肌肉嫩度的变差。对杜洛克、汉普夏、丹麦兰德瑞斯、三江白和梅山猪5个品种的股二头肌、半腱肌和腰大肌的嫩度进行了测定,总体方差分析表明,品种间和肌肉间差异均达非常显著水准(P<0.01)。本研究证明,该仪器的剪切力值可以很好地反映不同肌肉的嫩度。

A STUDY ON ASSAYING THE ACCURACY OF A TENDERNESS DEVICE AND MEASURING FOR MEAT TENDERNESS

This paper reported on an instrument developed by the authors for measuring meat tenderness. The instrument was similar to the Warner-Bratzler Shear, but was modified and improved. The accuracy of the new device was evaluated using two homogenous materials: wax crayons 0.6 cm in diameter and potatoes. The variation coefficients of the shear values were 3.35 per cent for wax crayons and 5.96 per cent for potatoes. The results showed that the accuracy of the device was quite satisfactory. The ranking of 10 muscles tenderness from Harbin White pigs indicated that M. psoas major was the most tender, which corresponded with previous work on beef meat tenderness. The Spearman's coefficient of correlation between shear values obtained from the bledes 1.0 and 3.0 mm in thickness was 0.879(P<0.01). The shear values of M. biceps femoris, M. semitendinosus and M. psoas major from Duroc,Hampshire, Danish Landrace, Sanjiang White and Meishan pigs were also measured. The data of variance analyses indicated significant differences among breeds and muscles. From these results it can be concluded that the devicgives a fairly good estimate of meat tenderness.