Yield performance and pest resistance among peanut genotypes when grown without fungicides or insecticides |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, University of Georgia, Coastal Plain Experiment Station, Tifton, GA 31793, USA;2. Department of Plant Pathology, University of Georgia, Coastal Plain Experiment Station, Tifton, GA 31793, USA;1. Plant Protection Research Dept., Fars Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO, Zarghan, Iran;2. Plant Protection Research Dept., Yazd Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO, Yazd, Iran;3. Department of Agricultural Sciences, Plant Pathology, Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, Italy;1. Institute of Natural Resources and Agrobiology of Salamanca, IRNASA-CSIC, Cordel de Merinas 40, E-37008 Salamanca, Spain;2. IRTA (Institute for Food and Agricultural Research and Technology), Field Crops, Av. Alcalde Rovira i Roure, 191, E-25198 Lérida, Spain;1. Department of Plant Science and Agricultural Resources, Faculty of Agriculture, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand;2. Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand;3. Crop Genetics and Breeding Research, United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), Tifton, GA, USA;1. Department of NanoBiotechnology, NanoGlycobiology Unit, Universität für Bodenkultur Wien, Muthgasse 11, 1190 Vienna, Austria;2. Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1090 Vienna, Austria;3. Department of Pediatrics, Respiratory and Allergic Disease Division, Medical University Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 34, 8036 Graz, Austria;4. Department of Dermatology, University Hospital St. Pölten, Karl Landsteiner University of Health Sciences, Propst-Führer-Strasse 4, 3100 St. Pölten, Austria |
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| Abstract: | Yield trials without fungicides or insecticides were conducted four consecutive years (2007–10) at the University of Georgia, Coastal Plain Experiment Station, Tifton Campus to evaluate for peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) pest resistance. The most endemic diseases in the southeast U.S. are tomato spotted wilt (TSW) caused by Tomato spotted wilt virus, white mold (WM) caused by Sclerotium rolfsii Sacc, and both early and late leaf spot caused by Cercospora arachidicola Hori and Cercosporidium personatum (Berk & Curt.) Deighton, respectively. The most endemic insects are tobacco thrips (Frankliniella fusca Hinds) and potato leafhopper (Empoasca fabae Harris). Results from these replicated field tests showed significant differences (P ≤ 0.05) among advanced Georgia breeding lines and cultivars. Three Georgia cultivars ‘Georgia-01R’, ‘Georgia-05E’, and ‘Georgia-10T’ consistently produced among the best yields with high levels of resistance to TSW, white mold, leafhoppers, and leaf spot each year. Georgia-01R is a multiple-pest-resistant, runner-type cultivar with late maturity; whereas, Georgia-05E is a multiple-pest-resistant, virginia-type cultivar with medium-late maturity. Georgia-10T is a new runner-type cultivar with high level of TSWV and white mold resistance and late-maturity, similar to Georgia-01R, one of its parents. However, Georgia-10T does not appear to have the high level of leaf spot and leafhopper resistance as Georgia-01R, but it still had high yields in the absence of fungicides or insecticides. |
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| Keywords: | Groundnut Tomato spotted wilt White mould Leafspot Leafhopper |
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