鄂北冬枣贮藏期腐烂原因及药剂抑菌效果研究

目的]确定冬枣贮藏期腐烂的原因,为其针对性防治提供依据。方法]从分离、鉴定引起鄂北冬枣贮藏期腐烂的主要病原菌入手,研究不同药剂对冬枣病原菌的抑菌效果。结果]从冬枣病组织部位分离纯化得到的病原菌经鉴定为细链格孢菌Alternaria alternate（Fr.）Keissler]。咪酰胺、烯唑醇、代森锰锌、百菌清、甲基硫菌灵和多菌灵对病原菌的抑菌率分别为81.42%、64.51%、55.85%、37.67%2、9.04%和24.38%。供试药品的抑菌效果达极显著水平,其中以25%咪酰胺的抑菌效果最好。不同浓度咪酰胺的抑菌效果均达极显著水平且浓度越高抑菌效果越好。结论]初步认定导致鄂北地区冬枣贮藏期腐烂的主要病原菌是细链格孢菌Alternaria alter-nate（Fr.）Keissler],咪酰胺作为一种广谱杀菌剂对病原菌的抑菌效果良好。

Research on the Rotting Reason of Winter Jujube in Northern Hubei in Storage and the Fungistasis Effect of Reagent

Objective] The purpose was to confirm the reason for rotting of winter jujube in northern Hubei so as to provide basis for its special-purpose control.Method] The fungistasis effects of different fungicides on the pathogens from winter jujube were studied from isolating and identifying the main pathogens inducing the rotting of winter jujube in northern Hubei.Result] The pathogens isolated and purified from diseased tissue of winter jujube were identified as Alternaria alternate(Fr.) Keissler.The inhibition rates of prochloraz,diniconazole,mancozeb,chlororthalonil,thiophanate-methyl and carbendazol on the pathogens were 81.42%,64.51%,55.85%,37.67%,29.04% and 24.38% resp.The inhibition effects of tested fungicides all reached extremely significant level and that of 25% prochloraz was best.The inhibition effects of prochloraz at different concn.all reached extremely significant level and the higher the concon.Was,the better the inhibition effect was.Conclusion] It was preliminarily concluded that the main pathogen inducing the rotting of winter jujube in northern Hubei in storage was A.alternate and the inihibition effect of prochloraz,a universal bactericide,was good.