城乡梯度下的耕地多功能价值空间分异特征

显化耕地多功能价值的空间分异规律有助于完善耕地保护政策。该研究以2018年石家庄市遥感影像和统计年鉴为基础数据,分别计算基于地块尺度耕地的物质生产功能、生态维持功能和社会保障功能的价值,并引入梯度分析方法,以城市中心为原点分别设置梯次环和采样条带,对其价值变化进行梯度分析。结果表明：1）2018年石家庄市耕地总功能价值沿"城-乡"呈现出"上升-下降"的倒"U"型变化趋势,在第四环价值达到倒"U"型趋势的顶点。1～5环各项功能价值呈上升趋势,7～10环各项功能价值显著下降。2）基于梯次环的分析发现距离石家庄城市中心10～40 km的1～4环耕地各功能价值最高,其中物质生产功能在4环达到峰值,生态维持功能在3环达到峰值,6～10环呈显著下降趋势。3）基于条带的分析发现,在南北向条带上耕地各功能价值变化呈"上升-下降"的倒"U"型趋势,生态维持功能价值呈现出对称的"M"形,东西向样带上社会保障功能价值在西部变化显著,而生态维持功能价值在东部变化剧烈。

Spatial differentiation characteristics of cultivated land multifunctional value under urban-rural gradient

Abstract: A long-term underestimate of cultivated land has posed serious challenges to sustainable development in China. Particularly, the cost of occupying cultivated land is relatively low to threaten the future national food and ecological security in urban expansion, although the government has implemented strict cultivated land protection policies (CLPP). Therefore, the spatial differentiation of multi-functional cultivated land can contribute to improving the CLPP during this time. This study aims to explore the differentiation law of multi-function value in the cultivated land using the remote sensing images and statistics Yearbook of Shijiazhuang City, Hebei Province, China, in 2018. The specific values were also calculated, including the production function in grid-scale farmland, ecological maintenance, and social security function. A gradient analysis was introduced to determine the value differentiation of three functional unit areas. A cascade ring and sampling were also taken to the city center as the origin, where the gradient analysis was conducted on the change of values. The results showed that: 1) There was a trend of "U"-decline in the functional value of cultivated land in the study area in 2018. The peak value was found in the fourth "U" -shaped trend of inverted land under the urban-rural integration. Specifically, the total value of the unit area was 2318 669 300 Yuan. It infers that the rapid urbanization made the urban community to be the center of education, medical care, and economy. The population gradually gathered to the radiation areas of the first and second rings in the city center, where the total value of one ring per unit area was the lowest at 1,0070,764,7 million Yuan. The functional value of 1-4 loop increased, whereas, that of 7-10 loop decreased significantly. Among them, the ecological maintenance function made the largest contribution rate to the total functional value of arable land, with more than 49%. The social security function accounted for about 30% of the total value. The material production function was the lowest value, representing about 19%. The data demonstrated that the non-productive function value in the cultivated land was much higher than that of the production function. 2) Cascade ring analysis found that the highest value appeared in Ring 1-4, namely 10-40km away from the city center. The material production function was found in the fourth ring, while that in the 6th-10 ring decreased significantly, where the unit output value of 463.5446 million yuan, and the peak of 122.413 million Yuan. The largest value of social security function was dominated by location factors, where the first area value of 847 2276 million Yuan. 3) Strip analysis was found that the functional value of cultivated land in the north and south belt presented an inverted U-type trend of "rising and decreasing", and the ecological maintenance function presented a symmetrical "M" -shape. The value of social security function in the east-west section changed significantly in the west, whereas, the value of ecological maintenance function changed dramatically in the eastern part of the study area. Consequently, the findings can provide scientific suggestions for the planned promotion of multi-functional land use and the optimal allocation of cultivated land resources.