添加发酵剂对普洱茶发酵过程中温度及主要成分变化的影响

将筛选出的青霉、黑曲霉和根霉按1:1:1比例制得的发酵剂用于普洱茶发酵,添加量为1%,取得了较好的发酵效果。将发酵剂应用于生产中进行发酵验证,设发酵剂组和对照组2组。试验中首次对普洱茶发酵过程中的温度变化进行实时监控分析。发酵完成后,对2组茶进行了感官评审和主要成分分析,得出发酵剂组的各翻堆茶样在汤色、香气、滋味和叶底方面都较对照组好,且普洱茶的渥堆发酵成熟速度明显快于对照组;在温度变化方面,发酵剂组和对照组的茶坯中心温度基本维持在40～60℃之间,发酵剂组的温度高于对照组2℃左右;在主要成分变化方面,茶多酚、儿茶素、茶红素及水溶性总糖的含量是呈下降趋势的,而茶褐素、茶黄素经发酵后有明显的上升趋势,发酵剂组的变化曲线总是快于对照组。研究结果表明,本发酵剂用于普洱茶发酵过程中,可以提高普洱茶的品质,缩短发酵周期。

Variation of main components and temperature in pu-erh tea with starter fermentation

The starter which was made from Penicillium,Aspergillus and Rhizopus by the ratio of 1:1:1 showed a better fermentation results with 1% of additive amount.In order to vertify the effect of the starter,both groups(the starter group and the control group) were set in this experiment.The change of pu-erh tea fermentation temperature was monitored in real-time for the first time.After finishing fermentation,the analysis of main com-ponent and sensory evaluation was carried out between the starter group and the ...