胡麻脱粒物料分离清选作业机参数优化与试验

为进一步提升胡麻脱粒物料分离清选作业机的工作性能,采用数值模拟仿真试验方法分析确定获得的单因素参数,以喂料装置振幅、物料层调节厚度和吸杂风机转速为自变量,以籽粒含杂率和清选损失率为响应值,依照Box-Behnken试验设计原理,采用三因素三水平响应面分析方法,分别建立了各因素与籽粒含杂率和清选损失率之间的数学模型,并对各因素及其交互作用进行分析。结果表明:3个因素对籽粒含杂率影响的主次顺序为吸杂风机转速、喂料装置振幅和物料层调节厚度,对清选损失率影响的主次顺序为吸杂风机转速、物料层调节厚度和喂料装置振幅;作业机最佳工作参数为:喂料装置振幅16.5 mm、物料层调节厚度7.0 mm、吸杂风机转速1 775 r/min(即对应的吸杂风机转速变频频率为59.2 Hz)。验证试验表明,籽粒含杂率和清选损失率均值分别为7.86%和1.58%,说明在最优工作参数下作业机能够降低胡麻脱粒物料在机械化分离清选过程中的含杂与损失程度。

Parameters Optimization and Experiment on Separating and Cleaning Machine for Flax Threshing Material

Flax is one of the important oil crops in Northwest China, and Gansu Province is one of the main producing areas of flax. To enhance the mechanization level of separating and cleaning of flax threshing materials, a separating and cleaning machine for flax threshing material was designed. For further study of the improved working performance of separating and cleaning machine for flax threshing material, the single factor parameters obtained with the analysis were determined by numerical simulation test, the Box-Behnken experimental design with three factors and three levels was performed, parameters such as amplitude of feeding device, adjust thickness of material layer and rotate speed of impurity suction fan were selected as independent variables, which would influence the seed impurity rate and the cleaning loss rate. The mathematical model was established, and then the effects of various parameters and their interactions were analyzed as well. The test results showed that effects orders of three parameters on the seed impurity rate from primary to secondary were as follows: rotate speed of impurity suction fan, amplitude of feeding device and adjust thickness of material layer. And effects orders of three parameters on the cleaning loss rate from primary to secondary were as follows: rotate speed of impurity suction fan, adjust thickness of material layer and amplitude of feeding device. The optimal working parameters were amplitude of feeding device of 16.5mm, adjust thickness of material layer of 7.0mm and rotate speed of impurity suction fan of 1775r/min (that was, the speed conversion frequency of the impurity suction fan was 59.2Hz). Confirmatory tests showed that the average value of the seed impurity rate and the cleaning loss rate were 7.86% and 1.58%, which compared with before the optimization had dropped significantly, the degree of impurity and loss of flax threshing material in mechanized separation and cleaning could be alleviated under the condition of optimizing working parameters. The results can provide theoretical basis and technical references for the parameter selection and optimization of small grain crop threshing material separating and cleaning equipment development.