维生素A对鹅生长性能及血清生化指标的影响

本试验旨在研究不同水平维生素A对青农灰鹅生长性能、血清生化指标及组织中维生素A含量的影响。选用1日龄青农灰鹅200只,随机分为5组,每组4个重复,每个重复10只鹅。各组在玉米-豆粕型基础饲粮中分别添加0、1 500、3 000、6 000和12 000 IU/kg的维生素A。试验期12周。结果表明:1)饲粮添加维生素A能显著提高1～4、5～12周龄青农灰鹅平均日增重和平均日采食量(P<0.05),降低死淘率,但对料重比影响不显著(P>0.05)。2)4周龄时,添加6 000 IU/kg维生素A显著降低了血清尿酸含量(P<0.05),添加3 000和6 000 IU/kg维生素A极显著提高了血清碱性磷酸酶活性(P<0.01),但对血清总蛋白、血糖和尿素氮的含量影响不显著(P>0.05);12周龄时,添加6 000 IU/kg维生素A显著降低血清血糖和尿酸含量(P<0.05),极显著提高了血清碱性磷酸酶活性(P<0.01),但不同水平维生素A对血清总蛋白、尿素氮的含量影响不显著(P>0.05)。3)随着饲粮中维生素A添加水平的提高,血清及肝脏中维生素A含量极显著增加(P<0.01)。由此可见,本试验条件下,以生长性能作为衡量标准,1～4周龄青农灰鹅饲粮维生素A适宜添加水平为8 000 IU/kg,5～12周龄为9 000 IU/kg;以血清生化指标作为衡量标准,1～4、5～12周龄维生素A添加水平均以6 000 IU/kg为宜。

Vitamin A Affects Growth Performance and Serum Biochemical Parameters of Geese

This experiment was conducted to study the effects of vitamin A on growth performance,serum biochemical parameters and tissue vitamin A content of Qingnonghui geese.Two hundred Qingnonghui geese at 1 day of age were selected and randomly divided into 5 groups with 4 replicates in each group and 10 geese in each replicate.Five groups were supplemented with 0,1 500,3 000,6 000 and 12 000 IU/kg vitamin A in the basal diets,respectively.The experiment lasted for twelve weeks.The results showed as follows: 1) supplemental vitamin A significantly increased daily weight gain and daily feed intake(P<0.05),and reduced mortality rate,but had no significant difference in feed/gain at weeks 1 to 4 and 5 to 12(P>0.05).2) At 4 weeks of age,supplemented 6 000 IU/kg vitamin A significantly decreased serum uric acid content(P<0.05),and supplemented 3 000 and 6 000 IU/kg vitamin A significantly increased the serum alkaline phosphatase activity(P<0.01),but had no significant difference in the contents of serum total protein,blood glucose and urea nitrogen(P>0.05);at 12 weeks of age,supplemented 6 000 IU/kg vitamin A significantly decreased the contents of serum blood glucose and uric acid(P<0.05),and significantly increased the serum alkaline phosphatase activity(P<0.01),but had no significant difference in the contents of serum total protein and urea nitrogen(P>0.05).3) The serum and liver vitamin A content increased significantly with the increase of dietary vitamin A supplemental levels(P<0.01).In conclusion,consideration from the growth performance,the optimal dietary levels of vitamin A are 8 000 IU/kg at weeks 1 to 4,and 9 000 IU/kg at weeks 5 to 12.While consideration from the serum biochemical parameters,the optimal dietary level of vitamin A is 6 000 IU/kg at weeks 1 to 4 and 5 to 12.