几种糖类物质对蠋蝽取食行为选择和繁殖力的影响

蠋蝽是一种适应能力强、捕食范围广的天敌昆虫,糖类物质是昆虫必需的营养物质,也是人工饲料中重要的营养成分和促食因子。本研究通过在蠋蝽产卵期内补充6种糖溶液,测定其繁殖力参数,并比较蠋蝽对6种糖溶液的取食行为选择,筛选出其中对蠋蝽最具吸引、促食作用最强的糖类。结果表明,糖的相对甜度大小与蠋蝽繁殖力高低无显著相关性,与行为选择有关,蠋蝽对6种糖类取食行为选择的喜好程度为蔗糖果糖麦芽糖海藻糖葡萄糖肌醇,且都明显高于蒸馏水,表现为偏向选择甜度较高的糖类;补充6种糖类对蠋蝽繁殖力的影响为:补充麦芽糖或海藻糖溶液能显著地增加蠋蝽的繁殖力,其中补充麦芽糖的蠋蝽产卵量为323.85粒,每日每雌产卵量为6.81粒;补充海藻糖蠋蝽的产卵量为271.13粒,每日每雌产卵量为8.14粒;补充肌醇蠋蝽的繁殖力各项指标最低;补充果糖或蔗糖不能明显提高蠋蝽的繁殖力,但这两种糖类相对甜度较高,对蠋蝽的吸引作用较强,且成本也较低,可作为促食剂加入饲料中或在产卵期补充营养。本研究结果为改良人工饲料中的糖类物质促食因子和提高蠋蝽繁殖力提供了参考,也为深入研究蠋蝽人工饲料中其他种类促食因子奠定了理论基础。

Effects of Different Sugars on the Feeding Preferences and Fecundity of Arma chinensis

Arma chinensis is a predator of many insect pests.Carbohydrate is an essential nutrient for insects and an important feeding promoting agent in artificial diet.The aim of this study was to find the most potential sugar that promotes feeding in A.chinensis through tests with six sugar solutions for ovipositing females.No significant correlation was found between sugar sweetness and A.chinensis fecundity.The predator showed different preference for the sugars,which was sucrose ＞ fructose ＞ maltose ＞trehalose ＞ glucose ＞inositol ＞ distilled water,indicating that A.chinensis preferred sweeter sugar.Supplementing with maltose and trehalose significantly increased A.chinensis fecundity,achieving life-time fecundity of 323.85 and daily oviposition of 6.81 on maltose-provided diet,and life-time fecundity of 271.13 and daily oviposition of 8.14 on trehalose-added diet.A.chinensis feeding on inositol-added diet showed the lowest oviposition.Although fructose and sucrose did not increase fecundity,they are sweeter than the other sugars and could be used as feeding promoting agent in the artificial diet.These results provide an insight for improving feeding and fecundity ofA.chinensis.