水土保持生态效应评价专家系统研发

水土保持生态效应评价已成为当前水土保持研究的热点.水土保持生态效应评价的目的是通过对水土保持各类单项或综合治理措施生态效应的评价,为政府部门决策提供依据.目前,亟需研发专门的水土保持生态效应评价专家系统对这一领域积累的大量的专家知识进行快速、智能评价.本文在收集整理大量领域专家知识的基础上,采用产生式规则构建了水土保持生态效应评价知识库,并利用可视化开发程序语言VC++将专家系统技术与地理信息系统技术相互集成,研制开发了一个界面友好、操作简单的水土保持生态效应评价专家系统,旨在为水土保持生态效应评价提供高效、智能的决策工具.

Research and development on the expert system for ecological effect evaluation of soil and water conservation

Background] Most researches paid attention to the study of comprehensive evaluation of soil and water conservation,such as evaluation of index system and evaluation methods.However,few studies on the evaluation of ecological effects of soil and water conservation have been carried out.So far a lot of expert knowledge has been accumulated in this field,which has provided basis for the development of evaluation expert system that could help quickly and intelligently evaluate the ecological effects of soil and water conservation measures.A decision-making tool for the soil and water conservation administrative department is also urgently required to meet the needs of ecological effects evaluation for soil and water conservation,which may provide the basis for government decision.Methods] Based on the summarization of the experiences and expert knowledge of soil and water conservation areas,a knowledge database was established with the production-rule method,and the expert system (ES) was integrated with geographic information system (GIS) technologies by the visual programming language VC ++.Results] A friendly interface and fully functional ecological effect evaluation expert system of soil and water conservation was developed,composing of expert system and geographic information system.The expert system includes man-machine interface,inference engine,knowledge base and acquisition and management of knowledge,database and database management,model base and model base management,graph base and graph base management.It can calculate the ecological effects of comprehensive management of soil and water conservation measures,and make a scientific evaluation of the ecological effects of soil and water conservation measures.This part is also the core function of the system.In addition,the system also includes information management,knowledge base management,document management,GIS management and output functions.After the completion of the system,the Baima small watershed was selected as a verifying example,in the slope of 18.2 degrees,20 m slope,rainfall intensity was 1.1 mm/min,the vegetation coverage was 40％,land use was forestland,soil and water conservation measure was fish scale pit,the effect of soil conservation at the slope scale of which was evaluated as:soil erosion modulus was 70.35 t/(km2· a),flow effect reduced to 75％,the sediment reduction effect was 80.15％,which may be used for soil and water conservation management in the administrative department.Conclusions] Analysis of soil and water conservation measures and the correct evaluation of their ecological effects may not only make people understand the effectiveness of soil erosion control,but also provide a basis for further comprehensive management and help promote soil and water conservation work scientifically and specifically.This system may meet the needs of soil and water conservation assessment of ecological effects,with the advantages of simple operation,easy to release,etc.However,further efforts should be focused on the richness of the knowledge database,which may help improve the scientificalness of evaluation results as well as the practicality of the system.