播种机关键部件性能测试平台设计与应用

针对缺少系统测试播种机关键部件运行参数和性能指标测试平台的问题,设计了一种播种机关键部件性能测试平台,阐述了该平台的工作过程,确定了其种肥量检测系统、气流供给与检测模块、地轮驱动模块、三点悬挂模块、液压动力模块及显示与控制系统的结构及关键参数,并以Stewart类自由度并联结构设计了模拟地表坡度的运动框架。播种机关键部件性能测试平台空载和各系统模块工作性能测试试验结果表明：该平台可实现排种与排肥过程中8路导种管和导肥管内种肥排出信号及种肥质量检测,可提供排种轴与排肥轴转速为20～120r/min时,高速气送式排种与排肥所需流量为1.6992～2.5575m3/h的输送气流,并可测试排种与排肥环节气流压力与流量、播种机传动系统转速与转矩;通过运动框架可模拟-5°～5°地表坡度中地表不平对播种机排种性能的影响,运动框架设置的倾斜角度与角度传感器测定的倾斜角度偏差率为0～0.25%、往复摆动角度偏差率为0～0.275%,平台运行稳定,满足不同排量的排种与排肥性能测试要求。

Design and Application of Performance Test Platform of Key Components for Planter

Considering the problem that there is short of test platform that can systematically test the operation parameters and performance indexes of the key components of the planter, a performance test platform of key components for planter was developed. The working process of the platform was described. Meanwhile, the structure and key parameters of the seed and fertilizer quantity detection system, air supply and test module, ground wheel drive module, three-point suspension module, hydraulic power module, and display and control system were determined. The motion frame for simulating land slope was designed based on Stewart type parallel structure. The test results of no-load and working performance of each system module of performance test platform of key components for planter showed that the platform could realize seeding and fertilizer discharge signal, and seed and fertilizer quality detection in the 8-way seed guiding tube and fertilizer guiding tube in the process of seeding and fertilizer discharge. The platform could provide conveying air flow of 1.6992~2.5575m3/h when the rotating speed of seeding shaft and fertilizer discharge shaft was 20~120r/min. At the same time, the platform could test the air pressure and flow in the seeding and fertilizer discharge links, and the rotating speed and torque of the transmission system of the planter. The influence of -5°~5° land slope on the seeding performance of the planter could be simulated through the motion frame. The deviation rate between the tilt and reciprocating swing angle set by the motion frame and the tilt angle measured by the angle sensor was 0~0.25%, the deviation rate of reciprocating swing angle was 0~0.275%. The platform worked stably and could meet the test requirements of seeding and fertilizer discharge performance with different displacements.