华北落叶松25个种源种子萌发及苗期生长特性1）

为了研究种源间的遗传变异，开展高世代育种提供遗传基础广泛且品质优良的育种群体，对来源于河北、山西、内蒙古、北京、陕西、甘肃的25个华北落叶松种源的种子形态（种子质量、饱满率）、室内发芽率（发芽时间、发芽势、发芽指数）和1年生苗期生长性状进行了分析比较。结果表明：华北落叶松不同种源的种子在形态、室内发芽率和1年生苗期生长性状方面差异均显著；河北围场1－9（20号）种源的种子质量最大（8．268×10－3g），河北赤城（11号，32．47×10－3g）的种源种子质量最小；河北围场7－46（24号）、8－74（25号）、1－5（19号）和1－9（20号）4个种源的发芽率均高于90％；河北围场7－46（24号）和8－74（25号）种源的苗高为20．0和19．2 cm，显著高于其他所有种源；种子质量与饱满率、发芽率、发芽势、发芽指数显著正相关，且均与苗高和茎鲜质量也显著正相关；根据发芽指数和苗高综合分析，河北围场7－46（24号）、8－74（25号）、山西阳高县（13号）和河北崇礼（5号）种源表现好于河北围场种子园种源（18号）。

Seed Germination and Seedling Growth Characteristics of 25 Larix principis-rupprechtii Provenances

We collected the seeds of 25 provenances of Larix principis-rupprechtii from Hebei, Shanxi, Inner Mongolia, Beijing, Shaanxi Province and Gansu Province to select superior provenances and provide the breeding population whose genetic ba-sis is wide range and high quality.We analyzed the variance and correlation on seed morphology ( thousand-grain weight and full rate) , germination rate ( germination time,germination energy and germination index ) and one-year old seedling growth traits ( seedling height, basal diameter, root length, root and stem weight) .The variance on seed morphology, ger-mination rate and growth traits of one-year old seedlings among 25 provenances were both significant.The biggest thousand-grain weight provenance was Hebei Weichang 1-9 (8.268g), which was twice of provenances of Hebei Chicheng (3.247 g) and Gansu Tianshui (4.184 g).Germination rate of four provenances of Hebei Weichang 7-46, 8-74, 1-5 and 1-9 were both more than 90%.Seedling heights of Hebei Weichang 7-46 ( 20.0 cm) and 8-74 ( 19.2 cm) were significantly higher than other provenances.The correlations between thousand-grain weight and full rate, germination rate, germination energy, germination index were significantly positive, and the correlations between these parameters and seedling height, stem fresh weight of Larix principis-rupprechtii were also significantly positive.According to average of membership value of germina-tion index and seedling height, the top four provenances of Larix principis-rupprechtii were Hebei Weichang 7-46, 8-74, Shanxi Yanggao and Hebei Chongli, which were better than seed orchard of Hebei Weichang.