暂时贫困人口问题研究

目前，在中国存在数量较多收入徘徊在贫困线上、且缺乏有效的脱贫手段的群体，在中国区域、城乡之间，暂时贫困率存在显著差异。通过对于中国健康与营养调查(CHNS)数据的研究与分析，对上述假设进行了检验。结果表明：（1）在CHNS的有效样本中，25.87%的家庭出现了暂时贫困状况，远大于样本中出现的贫困率与长期贫困率；（2）就区域、城乡比较而言，经济落后地区与农村地区的暂时贫困率要高于发达地区与城市地区。依据该研究结果提出政策建议：加大“能力扶贫”的力度，特别是对于贫困人群初、中级应用技术、技能的免费培训工作；继续推进各项一体化政策，重点关注欠发达地区、农村地区的经济发展。

Fiscal Decentralization, Pro-poor Spending and Poverty Reduction

Abstract: Currently, there are a larger number of population whose income hovering around the poverty line, and lack effective means to get out of poverty in China. Between urban and rural areas, there are significant differences in the poverty rate temporarily. Through some researches and analysis base on the China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS) data, we conduct researches to test that assumption. The results show that: (1) among the effective samples we get from CHNS, 25.87% of the households has been in temporarily poverty and the temporarily poverty rate is much larger than the samples of long-term poverty rates; (2) based on comparisons, temporarily poverty rate of economically backward areas and some rural areas is higher than in developed regions and urban areas. Finally, the paper proposes some policies that based on the results of this study: (1) enhancing the efforts to eliminate capability poverty, particularly by providing free training of intermediate application technology and skills; (2)continue to promote the integration of policies, which should focus on less developed areas and economic development in rural areas.