胡麻亚麻酸含量的遗传分析

亚麻酸是胡麻脂肪酸组成的主要成分,也是胡麻品质改良的主要目标。为深入研究胡麻亚麻酸含量的遗传规律,基于6个世代遗传群体(P_1、F_1、P_2、B_(1:2)、B_(2:2)、F_(2:3)),采用数量性状主基因+多基因混合遗传模型分析胡麻亚麻酸含量的遗传模式。结果表明,胡麻亚麻酸含量符合1对加性-显性主基因+加性-显性-上位性多基因遗传模型,主基因的加性效应在亚麻酸含量的遗传控制中具有重要贡献;B_(1:2)、B_(2:2)和F_(2:3)世代主基因遗传率分别为33.59%、46.95%和53.92%,多基因遗传率分别为25.60%、19.35%和14.43%;通过群体品质分析,筛选出高亚麻酸材料15份,高含油量材料7份,这些优异材料为胡麻品质育种奠定了良好的基础。

Genetic Analysis of Linolenic Acid Content by Using Mixed Major Gene Plus Polygene Inheritance Model in Linseed

Linolenic acid is the main component of linseed fatty acid and the main objective for improving quality of linseed. In order to understand the genetic mechanism of linolenic acid and improve the quality of linseed, in this study, the genetic effects of linolenic acid were analyzed by using the major gene plus polygene mixed genetic model. The results showed that the inheritance of linolenic acid was controlled by a pair of additive-dominant major genes plus additive-dominant-epistatic polygenes, and the additive effects of major genes were greater than dominant effects. The heritability of major genes in B_1:2, B_2:2 and F_2:3 generations was 33.59%, 46.95% and 53.92% respectively, and the polygenic heritability was 25.60%, 19.35% and 14.43% respectively. At the same time, the germplasms of 15 high linolenic acid content and 7 high oil content were screened out, which provide a foundation for improving linseed quality.