圈养与半散放条件下梅花鹿成年母鹿的行为节律比较

以江苏省扬州市平山堂养殖场圈养条件及扬州市动物园半散放条件东北亚种成年梅花鹿母鹿为研究对象,采用瞬间扫描取样法研究了2种饲养方式下梅花鹿昼间行为节律。结果表明:2种饲养方式下梅花鹿群体昼间取食、卧息、观望、反刍、移动、修饰等行为频次比率依次减少,其取食、卧息和观望行为比率占昼间行为的80%以上。圈养和半散放条件下成年母鹿都有2个取食行为高峰,二者的反刍行为高峰分别发生在12:30、8:00左右,卧息行为高峰分别在12:30—13:30、10:30—13:30,观望行为高峰分别在13:30—16:30、7:30—8:30。行为分析表明,不同饲养条件下,成年梅花鹿母鹿昼间行为存在显著差异,饲养环境不同是造成梅花鹿行为差异的主要原因。

Activity Rhythm of Mature Female Sika Deer in Captive and Semi-free Conditions

Scan sampling methods was applied to study the activity rhythm of sika deer in Pingshantang farm(in captivity) and in Zhuyuwan Park(semi-free) of Yangzhou from April to July 2006,and from March to June 2007.Results showed that the frequencies of eating,relaxing,observing,ruminating,moving and grooming behaviors were ranked in descending order.Eating,relaxing and observing accounted for more than 80% of diurnal behaviors.There were two peaks in eating behavior of the mature sika deer during the day under captive and semi-free conditions.The peak times of ruminating,relaxing,and observing behaviors of the sika deer under captive conditions were recorded at 12:30,12:30-13:30,and 13:30-16:30,respectively;while those of the sika deer under semi-free conditions were at 8:00,10:30-13:30 and 7:30-8:30,respectively.Behavior analysis indicates that there are great differences in diurnal behaviors of the mature female sika deer under different conditions,which results from feeding environments.