避洪农业与生态农业减灾

洪涝灾害具有突发性，迁移性，群发性和后续性的特征，年际变化大，难以准确预测和防范。作者根据区域特定的生态环境，景观结构，洪涝灾害类型，特征和发生发展规律，按照生态经济学原理和系统工程学优化原则，针对泛洪区不同地带洪灾危害程度，提出了以避洪农业设计和耐涝农业生产为主要内容的减灾生态农业。生产实践中，应用避洪农业和耐涝农业生产技术能显著减轻洪灾对农业生产的危害，达到趋利避害，有效地利用资源的目的。

The Floodrefuge Agriculture and Agroecological Reducing Strategies

Flood and waterlogging disasters are characteristic of sudden occurrence, remove, coexistence with other fatalities, follow up effects. It is rather difficult to forecast flood catastrophes exactly and prevent them because of precipitation change year by year. In accordance with principles of ecological economics and rules of system engineering optimality, agroecological strategies including flood refuge agriculture design and flood tolerant production technologies are put forward on the basis of landscape ecological structures, environment situations, economic and social conditions, flood mechanisms in different areas and flood bed.