小麦抗虫品种对麦长管蚜种群及蚜茧蜂寄生和发育的影响

以不选择性为主的小麦抗蚜品种（系）KOK－1679、L1和小白冬麦可显著降低麦长管蚜的种群增长率，对燕麦蚜茧蜂的抗害作用没有负面影响。燕麦蚜茧蜂的控害作用可使小麦植株的株高增长率和叶面积显著提高，但使叶绿素含量提高幅度不大。以2龄麦长管蚜接蚜9日后，低感品种红芒红上该蚜的种群增长率为94．21％，而高抗品系KOK－1679仅为18．05％。对僵蚜及成蜂的观察表明，抗性品种（系）中的成蜂羽化时间缩短，羽化率升高，寿命延长。尽管其寄生率较红芒红低，但可能是麦长管蚜在不选择性抗蚜品种（系）上的定殖率低所致。

THE EFFECTS OF WHEAT VARIETIES RESISTANT TO APHIDS ON THE PUPOLA-TION OF SITOBION AVENAE(FABRICIUS) AND PARASITIZATION AS WELL AS DEVELOPMENT OF ITS PARASITIC WASP APHIDIUS AVENAE HALIDAY

The population increase rates of Sitobion avenae (Fabricius) on three wheat varieties, namely, KOK-1679, LI and Xiaobaidongmai, mainly possessing nonpreference resistance to wheat aphids were much more reduced than that on susceptible wheat variety, but there were no adverse impacts on the parasitism of its parasitic wasp Aphidius avenae Haliday. The suppression of A. avenae on this aphid has obviously enhanced the height and leaf area of wheat plant while the increase of chlorophyll content was negligible. 9 days after inoculation of 2nd instar nymph of this aphid on wheat varieties, its population increase rate on low-susceptible variety Hongmanghong was 94.21% , and that on high-resistant line KOK-1679 was 18.05% only. On the resistant variety, the emergence time of adult A. avenae has moved up, its emergence rate increased, and its lifespan prolonged , as compared with those on susceptible variety. The fact that the parasitizations of the wasp on the resistant varieties were lower than that on variety Hongmanghong was very probably caused by the low colonization of the aphid.