新疆喀什地区设施栽培条件下丽蚜小蜂扩散功能的研究

目的]研究新疆喀什设施蔬菜种植区人工繁殖丽蚜小蜂的扩散功能,为利用人工繁殖丽蚜小蜂防治温室白粉虱提供技术支持.方法]试验设置三个重复处理,放蜂数量均为2 000头,放蜂点设在温室大棚的中部,以放蜂点为中心点,对距离中心点东西方向2、4、6、8m处植株作插牌标记,放蜂后3d,采集标记植株叶片,带回室内观察寄生率,分析扩散距离与寄生率之间的关系.结果]丽蚜小蜂释放后第3d,寄生率由中心点向东西两侧呈降低趋势,放蜂中心点和距中心点2m处被丽蚜小蜂所寄生的白粉虱若虫寄生率之间没有显著差异,分别为中心点83.94;、2m处为80.79;和77.36;,而与距中心点4、6和8 m处存在显著或极显著差异.距中心点8m处平均寄生率最低,为11.46;和3.17;.结论]在温室条件下,人工繁殖丽蚜小蜂由放蜂中心点向两侧扩散距离越远,寄生率越低.放蜂后3d丽蚜小蜂的扩散范围集中在半径2m的范围内,有部分个体扩散距离可以达到4 ～6 m,有极少数个体扩散距离可以达到8 m.

The Research of Diffused Function of E.formosa Artificially Propagated in Greenhouse of Kashi,Xinjiang

Objective]The research aimed to study the diffusion of Encarsia formosa artificially propagated in greenhouses of Kashi,Xinjiang in order to provide the technical support for preventing Trialeurodes vaporariorum.Method]The diffusion function test of E.formosa has 3 repeated settings,the releasing number of E.formosa is 2,000,the point of releasing is located in the middle of the greenhouse, and then distances from the releasing point of 2,4,6,8 m in the east and west sides were marked.Three days after releasing E.formosa,leaves would be collected and brought back to the lab for us to observe the whitefly parasitic rate and analyze the relationship between the diffusion distance and rate of parasitism on both sides.Result]Three days after releasing E.formosa,parasitic rate from the center point to both sides tend to decrease,the parasitism had no significant difference between release center in which the parasitic rate is 83.94%and 2 meters away from the center where the parasitic rate is 80.79%,the other side is 77.36%, while the places 4,6,8m away from the center point,significant or remarkably significant differences were displayed.The lowest parasite rates of 11.46%and 3.17%were recorded at the both sides 8 m away from the center point.Conclusion]Under greenhouse conditions,the farther the diffusion distance from the release center to both sides,the lower the parasite rate would be.Three days after releasing E.formosa,the spreading radius is within 2 m,and the diffusion distance of some individuals can reach the range of 4 - 6 m, but there are very few individual diffusion distance can reach 8 m.