硝酸银和赤霉素处理对黄瓜雌性系诱雄效果的比较

研究了不同浓度硝酸银和赤霉素（GA）处理对水果黄瓜雌性系诱雄效果及植株生长的影响。结果表明,各浓度硝酸银和赤霉素处理均有一定的诱雄效果,浓度越高,20节内雄花数越多,诱雄效果越明显;同时,浓度越高,对黄瓜幼苗的伤害越大,黄瓜叶片ETR、Yield、qP均随各处理浓度的升高而降低,qN随处理浓度的升高而升高;高浓度硝酸银处理明显抑制黄瓜的株高、节间长度、叶面积等生长参数,而赤霉素处理黄瓜植株则出现明显的旺长现象,株高、节间长度明显增长,茎粗、单位叶面积鲜重明显减小。经赤霉素处理的黄瓜幼苗基部节位雄花较硝酸银处理少且小,试验中以浓度为250mg/kg的硝酸银和500mg/kg的赤霉素处理对黄瓜植株伤害较小且诱雄效果相对较好。

Male Flower-Inducing Effects of Silver Nitrate and Gibberellin in a Cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) Gynoecious Line

Different concentrations silver nitrate solution and gibberellins （GA） solution were used to study the effects of induced male flower and plant growth on gynoecious seedlings of Cucumis sativus L. （self-bred line 12ZH-2）. The results showed that male flowers were induced by the above two substances, and the higher the concentrations were used, the more obviously the effects of male flowers were induced, especially within twenty stem nodes. Meanwhile, the higher the concentrations were applied, the more seriously the injury of the cucumber seedlings were made. ETR, Yield, qP of cucumber leaf decreased with the increase in treatment concentrations, on the contrary, qN rised. Growth parameters such as plant height, internode length, leaf area were obviously restrained by using high concentrations silver nitrate solution, while treatment with GA showed higher height, longer internode, smaller stem diameter and unit leaf area fresh weight. The male flowers at the basal joint node of the plants treated with GA were fewer and smaller than those treated with silver nitrate solution. The experiment showed that the best treatment concentrations of silver nitrate solution and GA solution was 250 and 500 mg/kg, respectively, which exhibited less injury to cucumber plants and better male flower-inducing effects relatively.