玉米黄粒系产量配合力及其杂种优势模式的分析

对从国际玉米小麦改良中心(CIMMYT)引入的及国内自育成的10个优质蛋白玉米(QPM)黄粒优良系,进行了配合力及杂优模式的分析.通过部分双列杂交获得45个杂交组合,将这些组合种植在云南省及广西壮族自治区的3种不同生态条件下进行观察鉴定.产量方差分析表明,品种之间、环境之间的差异达到极显著水平,而重复之间不显著;产量的一般配合力差异达极显著水平,而特殊配合力的差异不显著.杂交组合CML166×齐205具有最高产量(10880kg/hm2),杂交组合长631/O2×中系096/O2具有最低产量(5496kg/hm2).自交系CML161产量的一般配合力效应值最高(1010.53),自交系CML166产量的一般配合力效应值其次(947.11);而自交系中系096/O2产量的一般配合力效应值最低(-1119.98).自交系CML194与忻9101/O 2具有最高的产量特殊配合力效应值(1813.50),自交系CML 166与齐205产量的特殊配合力效应值也较高(1272.00);而自交系忻9101/O 2与齐205产量的特殊配合力效应值最低(-1670.96).根据杂交组合产量性状的配合力分析,可初步将这10个优质蛋白玉米自交系划分为4个杂种优势群和4种杂种优势模式.

ANALYSIS OF COMBINING ABILITY AND HETEROSIS IN YELLOW- GRAINED MAIZE INBREDS

The yellow-grained inbreds of maize were grown under three different ecological conditions in Yunnan and Guangxi in a partial diallele cross experiment.Analysis of variance of yield showed that highly significant difference existed between genotypes and between ecological environments while no significant difference was observed between replications.General combining ability (GCA) for grain yield was highly significant while specific combining ability (SCA) was non-significant.Based on the combining ability of their yield-contributing characters,the 10 inbreds were clustered into 4 heterotic groups.