Winter Wheat Yield,Quality, and Nitrogen Removal Following Compost- or Manure-Fertilized Sugarbeet |
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Authors: | G A Lehrsch B Brown R D Lentz J L Johnson-Maynard A B Leytem |
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Institution: | 1. USDA-Agricultural Research Service, Northwest Irrigation and Soils Research Lab., Kimberly, Idaho;2. Parma Research and Extension Center, University of Idaho, Parma, Idaho;3. PSES Agricultural Science, University of Idaho, Moscow, Idaho |
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Abstract: | To efficiently use nitrogen (N) while protecting water quality, one must know how a second-year crop, without further N fertilization, responds in years following a manure application. In an Idaho field study of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) following organically fertilized sugarbeet (Beta vulgaris L.), we determined the residual (second-year) effects of fall-applied solid dairy manure, either stockpiled or composted, on wheat yield, biomass N, protein, and grain N removal. Along with a no-N control and urea (202 kg N ha?1), first-year treatments included compost (218 and 435 kg estimated available N ha?1) and manure (140 and 280 kg available N ha?1). All materials were incorporated into a Greenleaf silt loam (Xeric Calciargid) at Parma in fall 2002 and 2003 prior to planting first-year sugarbeet. Second-year wheat grain yield was similar among urea and organic N sources that applied optimal amounts of plant-available N to the preceding year’s sugarbeet, thus revealing no measurable second-year advantage for organic over conventional N sources. Both organic amendments applied at high rates to the preceding year’s sugarbeet produced greater wheat yields (compost in 2004 and manure in 2005) than urea applied at optimal N rates. On average, second-year wheat biomass took up 49% of the inorganic N remaining in organically fertilized soil after sugarbeet harvest. Applying compost or manure at greater than optimum rates for sugarbeet may increase second-year wheat yield but increase N losses as well.Abbreviations CNS, carbon–nitrogen–sulfur |
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Keywords: | Dairy manure grain yield nitrogen uptake nutrient management organic fertilizer protein small grain urea |
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