哈尔滨市东南郊菜地土壤重金属潜在生态危害评价

为调查研究哈尔滨市东南效菜地土壤重金属污染状况，采用火焰原子吸收光谱法对各土壤样本的重金属元素Cu、Zn、Pb、Ni、Cd、Cr、As和Hg的含量进行测定，采用地质累积指数法和潜在生态危害指数法，以松嫩平原背景值作为参比值，对哈尔滨市东南郊菜地土壤重金属的潜在生态危害作出评价。地质累积指数法评价结果显示，重金属的污染程度顺序依次为：Zn>Hg>Cd>Pb>Cu>Ni>Cr>As，Zn达到中等污染-强污染水平；潜在生态危害指数法结果表明：Hg是菜地土壤中潜在生态危害最严重的元素，达到中等生态危害程度，Cu、Pb、Zn、Ni、Cr、Cd、As均为轻微生态危害程度，潜在生态危害综合指数RI为169.565，说明重金属污染已达到中等生态危害程度。结果表明，哈尔滨市东南郊菜地土壤已受到污染，污染等级为中污染，处于中等生态危害水平。

The Potential Ecological Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in Vegetable Field of South-Eastern Suburbs of Harbin City

In order to investigate and study the heavy metals’pollution conditions of the vegetable field of south-eastern suburbs in Harbin,the author determined the heavy metal content in each of the soil sample Cu,Zn,Pb,Ni,Cd,Cr,As and Hg using flame atomic absorption spectrometry. Using the index of geoaccumulation law and potential ecological risk as well as Songnen plain background value ratio as a parameter,the author assessed the heavy metals in the vegetable field of south-eastern suburbs of Harbin. From the geological evaluation of the cumulative index results,the author concluded that the order of heavy metals pollution was ZnHgCdPbCuNiCrAs,Zn reached moderately pollution-strong pollution levels;in addition,the potential ecological risk index results showed that：Hg was the most serious elements of potential ecological risk,reaching the level of medium ecological risk,the other seven types of Cu,Pb,Zn,Ni,Cr,Cd were minor ecological risk,the integrated index of potential ecological risk RI was 169.565,it showed that heavy metal pollution had reached the middle of ecological damage. The results showed that：the vegetable field of south-eastern suburbs in Harbin had been polluted,the pollution level was intermediate,in medium ecological harm level.