鲜食葡萄品种对霜霉病的抗性及抗病机理研究

采用田间自然发病调查，田间接种鉴定和离体葡萄叶圆片室内接种鉴定鲜食葡萄品种对霜霉病的抗性及其抗性机理研究表明，品种间对霜霉病的抗性存在显著差异。可依感病病级分为三类，低感品种有“z工伊豆”、“奥林匹亚”、“山东早红”、“森田尼”、“早玛瑙”。几乎所有的无核品种均高感霜霉病，葡萄对霜霉病的抗性与叶内可滴定酸、还原糖、游离氨基酸含量无显著相关，与叶背气也密度、气孔开度也无相关，而外施高浓度邻苯二酚却显著降低了霜霉病发病程度。

TABLE GRAPEVINE RESISTANCE TO PLASMOPARA VITICOLA AND THE RESISTANCE MECHANISM

The resistance of table grapevine to Plasmopara viticola was estimated by natural infection and artificial inoculation on plants in the field as well as by inoculation on leaf discs in vitro. The results on the resistance mechanism were presented. The results showed that there were significant differences in resistance to P. viticola among the cultivars, which might be divided into three groups according to their resistance scores. Slightly susceptible cultivars include Beniizu, Olympia, Shandongzaohong, Centenial and Agate early. Almost all of seedless grapes were very susceptible to P. viticola. The resistance of grapevines to P. viticola was not significantly related to titratable acid, reducing sugar, free amino acid content in leaves, leaf stoma density, and width and length of stoma. The disease incidence was reduced when high concentration of catechol was sprayed to grape leaves infected.